Zivilstadt Carnuntum_Haus I_The numismatic approach of an archaeological site

by Cristian Gazdac

OSTERREICH1SCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN ABTEILUNG KULTUR UND WISSENSCHAFT DES LANDES NIEDEROSTERREICH GESELLSCHAFT DER FREUNDE CARNUNTUMS CARNVNTVM JAHRBVCH 2004 SONDERDRUCK Wien 2004 Verlag der Osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I The numismatic approach of an archaeological site 1. Introduction 2. The isolated coin finds 3. The hoard 4. Coins and the archaeological contexts 5. Catalogue A. Single coins from the excavations of 2001-2002 B. The hoard from room "J" C. Coins from the excavations of 1948-1950 D. Coins from the excavations of 1990-1992 Abbreviations 1. Introduction During the archaeological excavations of 2001-2002 in Haus I a total of 125 coins was found (see catalogues A and B). Amongst these, 124 are Roman coins which will be dis- cussed in this paper. At the same time, other 126 Roman coins found during the excava- tions carried out at this site by Erich Swoboda from 1948-1950"' - mostly unpublished un- til now (see pi. 5)2 (20 pieces - catalogue C) - and those from the excavations of 1990-1992 (106 pieces - catalogue D) are added to the number of coins mentioned above. At the beginning of this article we have to mention that for the coins issued in the 4th cen- tury AD we use the terms such as "foliis", "maiorina" and "centenionalis" for different de- nominations. However, it must be pointed out that scholars do not generally accept this terminology because there is no clear evidence that these were the terms used by the Romans3. A particular characteristic of monetary finds from this site is the presence of a small hoard (47 folles and 3 argentei from the period AD 294-305) found in room J from the western annexes of Haus I (fig. 1). Beside the standard analysis of a Roman hoard this one will be set also in the aggregate coin evidence from this site. Another aspect which has to be mentioned here is the archaeological context. From the overall number of Roman coin finds - 250 pieces - 68 % (170 coins) are provided by contexts that can be considered useless for any concordance between different phases of the site and the coin finds: a) 2 (0.08 %) coins are stray finds. b) 11 (4.4 %) coins were found in modern disturbed layers. 1 For the history of the excavation cf. the article of F. Humer - A. Konecny - D. Maschek in this volume, p. 89-177. 2 The coins were studied by R. Gobi, cf. Vorbeck 1957, 16. Some of them are mentioned at E. Vorbeck, Das rb'mische Haus in Carnuntum (1985) 34. 3 For the discussions of 4lh century AD denominations see RIG Vi-IX; King 1993,1-87. CARNUNTUM JAHRBUCH 2004, 179-240 © 2005 by Osterrsichische Aksdemie der Wissenschaften, Wien 180 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer c) 3 (1.2 %) coins are coming from phase VII, which was interpreted as belonging to the Middle Age and modern time activity at this site4. d) 28 (11.2 %) coins are provided by the context that represents the disturbances pro- duced in 1948-1950 during the excavations and restorations carried out by Erich Swoboda. At the end of these works, the trenches excavated there were mostly re- filled with debris from the excavations. Nevertheless, this debris contained large amounts of pottery and other ancient items, including the number of coins mentioned above. Therefore, these coins cannot be taken into account, as they are a result of a modern disturbance6. e) 20 (8 %) coins provided by the excavations of Erich Swoboda, which have no detailed information attached on the archaeological contexts or levels they came from. f) 106 (42.4 %) coins provided by the excavations from 1990-1992. The summary infor- mation on the find-spots does not allow any certain issue on the archaeological con- texts in which these coins were found6. Still, there are another 30 coins plus the hoard (the 50 coins are considered as one entity as they were found spread over a narrow area and within a sealed archaeological build- ing) which can reliably be related to contexts and this can help us to analyse the coin evi- dence belonging to the different phases of construction and use of the building. 2. The isolated coin finds At first sight, the coins show evidence of a diversity of periods of issue (fig. 7-9). The ear- liest coins belong to the 1st century AD: Tiberius - 2 dupondii, Julio-Claudian dynasty - 1 as, Vespasian - 1 as, Domitian - 2 asses, Nerva - 1 as; to the 2ncl century AD: Trajan - 1 dupondius and 1 as, Hadrian - 2 asses, M. Aurelius - 1 as, Commodus - 1 sestertius; to the 3rd century AD (see table 2). The period of the first Tetrarchy (AD 284-305) is represented by 3 coins issued for Maximianus I, Chlorus and Galerius Caesars, but also the coins of the hoard found in Haus I are all issued between AD 295-305 (see table 2 and catalogue B). The coins of the time of Constantine I (306-337) are found in a larger number (26) than the coins of previous periods. Another observation must be mentioned here. Except the coins of Licinius I (catalogue A, no. 23; catalogue C, no. 6) and 1 of Constantine I (cata- logue D, no. 15) issued in the period of AD 313-315 all the other coins of this period are in fact issued after AD 321-329 (catalogues A, C, D). The coins of the period after AD 328-329 are characterised by the dominance of the reverse types GLORIA EXERCITVS (two standards) excepting the issue for Helena - SECVRITAS REIPVBLICE. The largest quantity of isolated coin finds (73) comes from the period of the sons of Constantine I (337-361) and represents 36.5 % of the coin finds (hoard not included, see table 2, fig. 11). The period before the reform of AD 348 shows the continuity of GLORIA EXER- CITVS (now one standard) until AD 340. The period of 340-347 is absent in the coin finds at Haus I. For the period 347-348 the coin finds present the reverses of VICTO- RIAE DD AVGG Q NN. The most numerous coins of the period 337-361 come after the reform of AD 348. As it was already demonstrated, the reverse FEL TEMP REPARATIO, 4 Humer-Konecny 2002, 660. 5 Kindly information of A. Konecny. 6 Kindly information of A. Konecny. Ziviistadt Camuntum - Haus I Fig. 1: Haus I and ihe hoard spot. 182 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer Room K Hot air inlet / / A £ .a a) Cl < E o o q: j hypocsustum pillar |'|o°|.| Debris layer A/ 1 m Layer of ashes and coal filling of hypocaustum Ciay and fragments of bricks Fig. 2: Room J before the complete removal of the debris layer. the type of ''Falling horseman", is the most often to be found for the coins issued in the period after the reform of 348, especially after 3527. The emperors with a short period of reign, namely Julian and iovian aro represented by only 1 coin found in the excavations from 1990-1992 (catalogue D, no. 76). The last pe- riod which provides an important quantity of coin finds at Haus I is 364-383 (50 pieces; see tables 3. 8). They represent 25 % of the isolated coin finds (fig. 11). The only reverse types found on the coins of Valentinianus l, Valens and Gratian are those of SECVRITAS REPVBLICAE, GLORIA ROMANORVM and REPARATIO REI PVB for the coins of Val- entinianus II. The latest coins are from Theodosius I (2) and 5 of unidentified issuer minted in the pe- riod of 383-395. As a percentage from the entire quantity of isolated coin finds at Haus I they represent 3.5 % (see fig. 11). Four of these coins have the reverse of SALVS REIPVBLICAE while the other three present a completely erased reverse (see cata- logues A and D; tables 2. 3). Concerning the denominations, it can be seen that except the 3 denarii, 1 argenteus and the 3 argentei from the hoard, all the other coins are bronze (see the catalogues). The bronze coins found at Haus I issued in the 1st and 2nd centuries are asses (8 + 1 so-called iimesfaisum), dupondii (3) and 1 sestertius. The "anioniniani"-radfates of the 3rd century See RIC VIII 36. Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 183 N o o hypocaustum pillar Lj Print of a hypocaustum pillar 1 m Mortar wall Fig. 3: Room J after the removal of the debris layer. AD were included amongst the bronze coins as they have no content of silver8. All coin finds of 4th century from Haus I are of bronze. This situation is very common not only for the 4th century but it is a general rule that people dropped coins of small value and tried not to lose the coins of high value9. The coin finds are more or less consistent with the weight limits for their period (for the ranging limits of weights see table 5). Those coins is- sued between 317-330 range between "normal" weight limits established for this period10 to the theoretical standard of 3.38 gr. (1/96 of the Roman pound)11. The multiple reduc- tions of weight in the year 330 and 335 (or 336)12 are also reflected in the coin finds from Haus I which provide weights between 2.46 gr. and 1.69 gr. for those issued between 330-335; mainly between 1.8 gr. and 1.5 gr. for those issued between 335-348 (see catalogue A; table 5). The next period of 348-361 is characterised by the abundant pres- ence of the lowest denomination which followed the multiple reductions in weight which took place after the reform of 34813. For the period 364-383, coin finds reflect almost a a The 2 antoniniani of Probus mentioned on the old excavation coin list (catalogue C, nos. 4. 5) were not in- cluded here as there is no information on the metal alloy. 8 C. King, The value of hoards and site finds in relation to monetary circulation in the late third and early fourth centuries AD, SFMA 1,1976, 80; R. Reece, Coinage in Roman Britain (1987) 29. 10 It has been established that figures ranking between 2.95 gr. and 3.24 gr. probably represent the same bronze denomination: King 1993, 22. 11 ibidem; M. F. Hendy, Studies in the Byzantine monetary economy, circa 300-1450 (1985) 465. 12 King 1993, 25-26. 13 For the successive reductions in weight after the reform of 348, see RIC VIII 35-39; P. Bastien, Le 184 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer stabilisation of weight: the coins minted in this period ranking between 2.8 gr. and 1,7 gr. with few exceptions, coins no. 69 and 70 which have 3.8 gr. and 4.5 gr. (see catalogue A). This situation is common in this period for the whole Roman Empire because a new coin was struck at 132 to the pound (circa 2.46 gr.) and no change was made to its weight until 37814. The next reductions in weights occurred in the years 379 and 381 and produced the new coins minted at 252 (circa 1.28 gr.) and 192 (circa 1.63 gr.)15. The first one is proved by the coin finds.from Haus I (catalogue A, nos. 72. 73). Concerning the hoard, all three argentei have a present weight below the official one (3.38 gr. = 1/96 of the Roman pound), though one of them (catalogue B, no. 10) has the weight inscribed on the reverse - XCVI. As all three coins are burnt it is very probably that at the time they were minted they had the official weight. If the argentei were thus most probably issued according to the official weight standard the situation regarding the bronze coins is different. The nummi folles of the hoard do not seem to respect the official weight and the report to the pound (1/32 = 10.15 gr.)1G. Most of them are below the official weight - some even as light as 7.7 gr. (see catalogue B, nos. 11. 30) while 10 of the folles have over 10.15 gr. Another aspect which has to be pointed out is how the coin finds from Haus I reflect the contribution of different mints to the coin supply. As a well-known rule, the coins minted until the middle of the 2nd century were issued by the central mint of Rome. The excep- tions are the as "limesfalsum"depicting Domitian (catalogue D, no. 1) and the denarius of Septimius Severus minted in East (catalogue D, no. 2). The scarcity of material for the period before 4Ul century does not allow us to make more comments about coin supply. All what we can say for this period is that the opening of mint at Siscia in 26217 is re- flected by the presence of three coins issued at this mint during the sole reign of Galli- enus (2) and Claudius II (2) (see catalogues A and D). The mints of Mediolanum and Tic- inum are also represented by 1 coin found at Haus I issued for Salonina in the same sole reign of Gallienus (catalogue A, no. 15), 1 coin of Aurelianus (catalogue D, no. 10) and 1 coin of Probus (catalogue C: no, 4). The 4th century coin finds indicate a variety of mint issues. Amongst these, the main mint seems to be Siscia. Until the reign of Constantius II (AD 337-361), due to the small num- ber of coins, the role of the mint from Siscia cannot be revealed, but this mint becomes the main one for the coins issued for this emperor (see fig. 10). This situation remains un- changed for the next period of this study - AD 364-383 - while for the last chronological frame - AD 383-395 - again, the scarce number of coin finds stopped us to draw any plausible conclusions. The close of mint from Siscia around 3871B could have provided only a small number of coins as it is the case of the entire site of Carnuntum after AD monnayage de I'atelier de Lyon de la mort de Constantin a la mort de Julien (337-363) (1985) 96. 104; Hendy op. cit, (n. 11) 469; King 1993, 27-30. u RIC VIII 66; P. Bastien, Le monnayage de 'atelier de Lyon de la mort de Jovien a la mort de Jovin (363-413) (19S7) 83; King 1993, 31. 15 Bastien op. cit. (n. 14) 86-87; King 1993, 31-32. 16 It has been considered that the theoretical weight of this coin was 10.15 gr.: King 1993, 18; the actual average weight is even lower circa 9.74 gr.: P. Bastien, Le monnayage de I'atelier de Lyon de la reforme monetaire de Diocletien a la fermeture de I'atelier en 316 (294-316) (1980) 43. 1 A. Alfoldi, Siscia. Vorarbeiten zu einem Corpus der in Siscia gepragten Romermunzen, Numtzmatikai Kozlony, 26/27, 1928/1929, 25 considers the mint of Siscia was opened at the end of AD 261 or 262. The most recent approach considers the year 262 as the year of first issue from Siscia. We express here our gratitude to Dr. Cathy King for this information. 18 RIC IX 140. 154. Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Hays I 185 Fig. 4: Some of the coins at the hoard spot in situ. Fig. 5: Coins from the hoard in room J (modern reconstitution). 186 Cristian Gazdac- Franz Humer 37519. As an overall picture of coin supply at Haus I in the 4lh century AD the mint of Sis- cia overwhelms the other mints (39.9 %) followed at a long distance by the mint of Thes- salonica (9.9 %) and Aquiieia (7.5 %) (see fig. 12). At the same time, we must draw atten- tion to the fact that the large number of coins of unidentified mint (43 - 26.5 %) indicates a level of relativity concerning the positions of the last two mints. In fact the situation of coin supply at Haus I is a reflection on a small scale of the general picture known from Carnuntum. We can conclude that the 4th century coin supply was dominated at Haus I, as well as for the rest of Carnuntum, by the mint of Siscia (especially for the period AD 337-375) which represents 39.9 % at Haus I and 45 % in Carnuntum from all coin finds during the 4th cen- tury (table 4, fig. 12)20. This situation proved that the main mints to supply this area were the nearest ones21. 3. The hoard (fig. 2-5)22 As it was mentioned at the beginning of this study during the archaeological campaign of 2002 in room J from the western annexes of Haus I, a hoard was found amongst the pil- lars of the hypocaustum. This discovery is one of extreme importance for numismatists, archaeologists and historians due to its particular features. The hoard consists of 50 coins that were spread on an area of circa three square metres: 47 bronze coins {folles) and 3 silver coins {argentei) all belonging to the first Tetrarchy. The composition of the hoard is as follows: Diocletian - 12 coins, Maximian 1-16 coins, Maximian II (Caesar) - 12 coins, Constantius I Chlorus (Caesar) - 10 coins (see table 6). Like in the case of isolated coin finds, the distribution of mints for the coins from the hoard confirms the theory that the nearest mint produced the largest number of coin finds, in our case Siscia, Aquiieia, and Rome: Siscia - 17 coins, Aquiieia - 13 coins, Rome - 10 coins, Ticinum - 3 coins, Karthago- 3 coins, Antioch - 3 coins, Thessalonica - 1 coin, Nicomedia - 1 coin (fig. 13). According to the years of issue for these coins, AD 294 - 305, the hoard was very fast accumulated and at the same time it seems that it was soon hidden after AD 305. Based on the structure of this hoard, only two possible analogies were found in the area of the Middle and Lower Danube in the hoards Storgosia III - Moesia inferior (today Pleven - Bulgaria) which consists of 80 folles and Ovilavis - Noricum (Wels - Austria) 39 folles but from the time of Constantine I and Licinius I23. In the same general area, other hoards with the latest coins issued under the first Tetrarchy were found at Winden am See (Austria) - 8 bronze coins, Brigetio (Szdny - Hungary) - 7 gold coins, Solva (Eszter- gom - Hungary) - 1204 silver and bronze coins, two hoards at Intercisa (Dunaujvaros - Hungary) - 69 and 150 silver coins, Siscia (Sisak - Croatia) - 1434 silver coins and Kulcs (Hungary) - 1058 silver coins24. 13 C. Gazdac, Das Heidentor von Carnuntum. III. Coin finds, CarnuntumJb 2000 (2001) 215-257 particularly 220. 20 W. Hahn, Die Fundmunzen der rSmischen Zeit III. Niederosterreich, Teil 1: Carnuntum (1978). 21 As it has been suggested by Dr. C. Howgego, an area is supplied with coins predominantly from the nearest mints: C. Howgego, Coin circulation and the integration of the Roman economy, JRA 7, 1994, 12-13. 22 In this paper is presented only a general analyze of this hoard. A preliminary report on the hoard is published in C. A. Gazdac - F. Humer, The Hoard from House I, Zivilstadt Carnuntum, in: Nachrichten der Gesellschaft der Freunde Carnuntums 3/2002, 17-18; and a detailed study in F. Humer - C. Gazdac, Ein Schatzfund in einem Wohnhaus der Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Hinweis auf ein alltagiiches Ungltick?, NumZ 111/112, 2004, 107-135. 23 K. Vondrovec, Die antiken Fundmunzen von Oviiavis/Wels (2003) 55-56. 2-1 C. Gazdac, Monetary circulation in Dacia and the provinces from the Middle and Lower Danube from Trajan Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 187 0 10 20 m I-1=!-i==i-i I Fig. 6: Plan of the central complex of Haus. I after the exca- vations from 1948-1950. As it can be seen the hoard from Haus I is one of a medium value if we take into account that the coins are issues from the period after the Diocletian's monetary reform in AD 294/295 when the big bronze denomination (follis) strongly increased its value at the same time with the silver coinage (argenteus). From this point of view, the hoard could ei- ther represent the savings of the owner, the payment for a recent transaction or maybe even stolen money. An argument for the last two hypotheses could be the fact that no re- mains of an object to keep these coins were found. This situation leads towards an object made of a perishable material such as a leather purse, which would have left no face due to the conflagration which led to the deposit and its surrounding context. At the same time, it is still questionable if this number of coins represents the entire hoard or only those coins dropped during the fire when the owner couid have tried to save his econo- mies! But one of the most important aspects revealed by this hoard is its contribution to the his- tory and chronology of the building in which it was found - the building from the end of the 3rd century: the hoard was found in a layer composed of burnt ground, mortar pieces of floor and pillars of a hypocaustum. An important observation is that this layer does not spread all over the room but next to the northern wall and in the eastern half of the room. The most intense burnt area is near the hot air inlet that linked room J with the furnace (praefurnium). Above this layer, on the northern wall of the room, the wall painting had just slided down on the floor remains together with the wall mortar. and Constantine I (AD 106-337) (2002) - see catalogue of hoards. Cristian Gizdac - Franz Humer □ d D -0 ro jS I O II ii i — in O St ■S c c o JS ro w > c M- o o O » _^ g> — a> o cc i." ii to 10 3 cn c in 1.4 ro oj "65 W o — O m S'l O -fci co ii ro <s « a. 5 J | > cd ii w < CO [/I CD a ii ^ s iw ro E 9 £ o o = iQ ■=j ii to CO iS to it: c 3§ ii _" — t/i " I §1 4- -2 CO -TO CM > 1 J 0 _ o II ,27 ii 5 S» r— M 03 3 o o. ii J? ro ffl o O « i— o — to ro ■a o g ro of < i I » I o -8 C ^ -C ro O H CD "O X E c Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 189 10 - O G 5 [] o si = h 1[ iff* 3D 3 .2 to o + w i— CD — C ^ o c U ii < < ii s W TJ n e c o Iji o — a q ii ., O CO 3 X e 0) aj 3 in ra 0 _ /: to CO . IN « 1 » <d > 0_ _- > Sj ii w (d ii > < ns u o <u = co ■3 ll ii 03 f l 03 ui "a □ a ' 00 ii I r" o id' 10 o a) o_ EC ii ii in « § 1 o to ^ to ii s "5 ii H O o 3 53 E ~ 1 § £ rs O < r E o '(U I co 190 Cristian Gazdac- Franz Humer Finds/ periods 2,7 2 - 1 - 1stc. 2ndc. 3rd c. 2S4-305 306-337 337-364 364-333 383-305 Period Fig. 9: Histogram of finds/periods of the coins from Haus I {hoard not included). In the area not touched by fire, the pillars from the hypocaustum were removed. This con- text was covered with debris layers brought here to rearrange the space. The archaeological context in which the hoard was found allows some historical interpre- tation: the cause of not recovery of this hoard by its owner in spite of its value was a fire - produced, most possible - by a malfunction of the heating system. This happened proba- bly after AD 305. The archaeological evidence of this area indicates that after the fire the western annexes of this building have never been rebuilt. Those who rearranged the place removed those pillars, which were not destroyed by fire. They probably reused them in other places. But they were not interested in the burnt pillar - many of them actu- ally broken - and that is why they did not find the coins. Between the fire moment and the rearrangement of this space there was a period of approximately 20 years as it is sug- gested by the coins found on the debris layers which cover the layer of hoard, as well as other aspects such as the connection between construction phases of Haus I and the similar phases of the public road (Sudstrafie). 4. Coins and the archaeological contexts As we have mentioned at the beginning of this study some of the coins were found in ar- chaeological layers that belong to different phases of the building (table 8). Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 191 o _i <t < E " E y? oi 1 O P i ■Zl. ^0 ■± c 0 O O c < D □ □ p □ 2 K « 07 °'i 3 £ 0 := 3: (J qj &§ COO n S _to a O >> x o m o 1 "iz *j a) cOCl to 5 I §3 *f 3 © ii £ H —H 192 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer 364-383 25% 383-395 4tn c- 1st c. 3.5% 2% 3-5% Fig. 11: Percentages of coins at Haus I. On the basis of 3- preliminary study of the pottery from the different strata identified and the concordance with the chronological phases of the so-calied Sudstrafie seven phases were established for the building of Haus I (table 1 )23. Table 1: Phases of Haus I Period Chronology Archaeological evidence I 2:,J half of 1sl century AD Wooden buildings, wooden portico (South) Street I % After 125 AD Clay brick houses with parallel courtyards Street (I \\\ Around 150 AD Central building erected in stone IV After 190 AD Central building: rooms added on west side Street ill V After 300 AD Central building: dismantling and rebuilding of west wall in parts following a fire of western annexes Street .IV VI 2nd haifof4lh century AD Central building: addition of hypocausturn heating system and mosaic floor in Room G Street V VI] Middle Ages/eariy modern Demolition of central building 25 Humer - Konecny 2002, 660; F. Humer, Das romische Stadtviertel im Freilichtmuseum Petronell, Archaolo- gischer Park Carnuntum. Die Ausgrabungen Bd. 3 (2003) 20-24; cf. the article of F, Humer - A. Konecny - D, Maschek in this volume, p. 89-177. Zivilstadt Camuntum - Haus i A CARNUNTUM R - Rome; L = Lugdunum; Ch = Carthago; Ar = Arelate; Ti = Ticinum; A = Aquileia; S - Srrmium; T - Thessalonica; H = Heraclea; C = Constantinople; N = Nicomedia: Cy = Cyzicus; At - Antioch; UM = Unidentified mint; OM = Other mints with under 1 % (Londinium 0.1 %, Treveri 0.9 %, Ostia 0.05 %, Serdica 0.1 %, Alexandria 0.8 %, Carthago 0.6%) Fig, 12: Comparative pie-charts of coin supply Haus I - Carnunturn (4th century AD). 194 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer At the moment, coin finds are employed only as chronological markers for the history of this building to establish the end of a phase - the hoard for the end of phase IV26 - or the last Roman phase of use of Haus I27. Our aim is to see if it is possible to establish pat- terns of coin finds - i.e. period of circulation - by setting the coins into the contexts they originate from. Foliowing the table of concordance coins together with archaeological contexts (see tables 7. 8) some conclusions can be drawn: a) The coins of Tiberius for Divus Augustus do not pass phase II. It also must be men- tioned that the coin no. 520/2001 (catalogue A., no. 2) was found in a levelling layer for phase II. Therefore, the coin could have been lost earlier. b) In phase II beside the coin from Tiberius other 3 coins were found: 1 of Hadrian and 2 unidentified issuers28: 1 dated in the 1st half of the 1sl century and 1 dated in the 2nd century AD. c) In phase III the coins found belong to Vespasian (1), Nerva (1), Trajan (1) and 1 uni- dentified issuer - 2nd century AD. As in the case from point a), the coins of Nerva and Trajan come from the fitting out layer for phase III, thus they could have been lost in phase II. d) In phase IV was found only one isolated coin (Hadrian) and even this one belongs to a filling layer. As it is already known, the end of this phase is marked by the hoard dis- covered between the hypocaustum pillars of room J, e) Phase V has a large number of coins with known archaeological context. Still, this phase has a particular feature concerning the coin finds. Except two of the coins - 1 Gallienus (inv. no. 579/2002; catalogue A, no. 13) and 1 Helena (inv. no. 1794/2002; catalogue A, no. 29) - the other coins of this phase (6) were all found in the filling of the well from the west annexe (room M). The earliest of these coins belong to Galli- enus (2) and the other to the sons of Constantine I: Constans - 1 coin, Constantius II - 3 coins. f) Phase VI, representing the latest reliable Roman context, produced the largest num- ber of coins found in context (9). Amongst them, 6 were issued in the period AD 364-383 and 2 for Constantius II. One coin of unidentified issuer was dated in the 2nd half of the 4th century AD. g) In phase VII, which already belongs to Middle Age, still some 4Sh century Roman coins were found (3). Summing up it can be observed that in the majority of cases the coins found in dated contexts suggest that they were in circulation for 2 phases, approximately between 50-100 years from the date of issue. At the same time, it is proved that as long as the coins look similar (metal weight, size) they were accepted in transactions. An illustrative example is represented by the coins of Gallienus found in the same context with those of Constantine I. The first ones were supposed to be silver denomination - antoniniani/rad\- ates - but they look of bronze and are of approximately the same size and weight as those of Constantine I after AD 330. Also the coins of the same emperor appear in the well (room M) together with those of Constantius II but the context is a filling layer, which could as well have contained soil brought from other parts of the site and they could be very well from different periods of use. Humer- Konecny2002, 659. ibidem 660. These coins were dated based on their technical characteristics (weights, measurements etc.). Percentage of mints in the hoard from Haus I □ Aquileia □ AntiDch 4% 9 Nicomedia □ Ticinum 2% 6% Fig. 13: Coins and mints distribution in the hoard from Haus i. 196 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer An important question still stands in this approach: Where are the coins from phase IV? In this phase the central part of Haus I was provided with mortar floors while the rear side of the building was a garden. In other parts of the building., the excavations from the 50's have thoroughly disturbed the remains of this phase of use. It can be considered that in the case of Haus I the coins set in archaeological contexts logically correspond with the phases in which they were found. On this line, a further ar- gument is provided by the coins' list from the excavations of Erich Swoboda: excavations at that time were mainly concerned in uncovering the walls of a site (fig. 629). The coins found during the earlier excavations show the same chronological structure as those found during the campaigns 2001-2002: very few coins stand for the 1st-3rd centu- ries AD. It can be said that only with the coins of Claudius il the series of coin finds con- tinue almost unbroken until the reign of Gratianus. Table 2: Aggregate table of the isolated finds by issuers Ant D S Dp As F Aes 2 Aes 3 Aes 4 Unid. denom Total t year ISSUERS No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. TIBER1VS 2 2 0.08 Julio-Claudian dynasty 1 1 0.01 VESPASIANVS 1 1 0.1 DOMITIANVS 2 2 0.1 NERVA 1 1 0.5 TRAIANVS 1 1 2 0.1 HADRIANVS 2 2 0.09 M. AVREL1VS 1 1 0.05 COMMODVS 1 1 0.08 SEPTIMIVS SEVERVS 1 1 0.05 SEVERVS ALEXANDER 2 2 0.1 Severus Alexander 1 1 Julia Mamaea 1 1 GORDIANVS III 1 1 0.1 GALLIENVS 5 5 0.6 Gallienus 4 4 Salonina 1 1 CLAVDIVS II 5 I 5 2.5 DIWS CLAVDIVS II 1 1 AVRELIANVS 3 3 0.6 Aurelianus 1 1 Tetricus I 1 1 Tetricus II 1 1 TACITVS 1 1 1 PROBVS 2 2 0.3 Unidentified coins 1st - 3rd c. AD 2 2 4 Period 284-305 I 3 3 0.1 Based on the original plan from the manuscript of E. Vorbeck. Zivilstadt Camuntum - Haus I 197 Ant n C up r Aes 2 Acs 3 Unid. denom Total f/ year MAXIMIANVS I 1 1 CHLORVS 1 1 GALERIVS -1 1 CONSTANTINVS [ - 26 26 0.8 Constantinus I 5 5 Licinius I 2 2 Constantinus II 3 3 Constantius II 7 7 Constans 3 3 Helena 1 1 Urbs Roma 4 4 Constantinopolis 1 1 Sons of Constantine I 4 4 - CONSTANTINVS II 2 2 0.6 CONSTANS 17 1 18 1.3 CONSTANTIVS II 4 1 43 48 2 Constantius f) 4 31 35 Constantius Gallus 1 9 10 luiianus 3 3 IOVIANVS 1 1 1 Period 364-383 2 48 50 2.6 VALENTINiANVS I 15 15 VALENS 22 22 G RAT IANVS 5 5 VALENTIN IANVS II 2 1 3 Period 364-383 unid. 5 5 Period of 383-395 7 4 7 0.5 THEODOSIVS I 2 2 Period 383-395 unid. 4 Unidentified coins 4th c. AD 3 I 3 TOTAL 18 3 1 3 11 52 3 100 7 2 200 198 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer Table 3: Aggregate table of the isolated finds by periods Ant D S Dp As F Aes 2 Aes 3 Aes 4 Unid. denom. Total year PERIODS No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. 1st c, AD 2 5 7 0.07 2nd c. AD 1 1 6 8 0.08 3rd c. AD 18 3 2 23 0.2 284-305 3 3 0.1 306-337 26 26 0.8 337-364 23 1 49 73 2.7 364-383 2 48 50 2.6 383-395 7 7 0.5 Unid. Coins 4th c. AD 3 3 TOTAL 18 3 1 3 11 52 3 100 7 2 200 Table 4: Coin supply in the 4th century at Haus I No. Emperor R L Ar Cb A Siscla S T H C Cy At UM Total 1 Period 284 - 305 1 2 3 g Maximianus I 1 1 b Chlorus (Caesar) 1 I 1 c Gallerius (Caesar) 1 1 2 CONSTANTINVS I 2 1 2 g 2 3 2 2 26 a Constantinus I 1 1 1 1 5 b Licinius I 2 - 2 c Constantinus II (Caesar) 1 2 3 _d Constantius II (Caesar) 1 4 1 1 7 e Constans (Caesar) 1 1 1 3 f Helena 1 1 g Urbs Roma 1 1 I 1 1 4 ti Constantinopolis 1 1 3 CONSTANTINVS II 1 1 2 4 CONSTANS 1 2 7 5 3 18 5 CONSTANTIVS II 1 3 27 2 3 2 10 48 3 Conslanlius II 1 3 19 2 2 2 6 35 b Gallus (Caesar) 6 1 3 10 c lulianus (Caesar) 2 1 3 6 Sons of Conatantine I 1 3 4 7 IOVIANVS 1 1 8 Period 364 - 383 2 1 4 18 4 2 3 1 15 50 a VALENTINIANVS I 1 2 9 1 2 15 b VALENS 2 1 7 ' 3 1 2 6 22 c GRATIANVS 1 2 2 5 ji VALENTINIANVS II 1 1 1 3 e Unidentified issuer 364-383 1 4 5 9 Period 388 - 395 1 6 7 a THEODOSIVS I 1 1 2 b Unidentified issuer 383-395 5 5 10 Unid. Coins 4th c. AD 3 3 i TOTAL 4 1 3 1 12 64 2 16 4 3 6 3 43 162 [PERCENTAGES 2.4 0.6 1.8 0.6 7.4 39.5 1.2 9.8 2.4 1.8 3.7 18 26.5 R = Rome; L = Lugdunum; Ar = Arelate; Ch = Carthago; A - Aquileia; S = Sirmium; T = Thessalonica; H = Hera- clea; C ~ Constantinople; Cy = Cyzicus; At = Antioch; UM - Unidentified Mint Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 199 Table 5; Weights of coins from Haus I (4!h century) 1/72 1/96 1/120 1/132 1/144 or 1/156 1/192 1/240 or 1/288 PERIODS c. 4.51 gr. c. 3.38 gr. c. 2.70 gr. c, 2.46 gr. c. 2.25 - 2.03 gr. c, 1.69 gr. c. 1.35-1.13 gr. 313-330 2 2 1 1 330 - 335 3 7 4 335 - 348 1 "A 1 16 9 348 - 351 2 351 - 363 1 2 3 10 17 4 364 - 373 7 3 19 3 2 378 - 395 2 1 6 TOTAL 3 4 13 17 47 28 17 Table 6: The hoard from Haus I Argenteus Follis JTOTAL % Mint/Issuer R A Tic R Ch A Siscia T N At Diocletianus 1 1 2 2 4 2 12 24 Maximianus I 1 1 4 1 4 5 16 32 Constantius [ Chlorus 1 4 5 10 20 Maximianus II 1 2 2 2 3 1 1 i 12 24 TOTAL 2 1 3 8 3 12 17 1 1 2 50 % 4 2 6 16 6 24 34 2 2 4 R = Rome; A - Aquileia; Tic = Ticinum; Ch = Carthago; T = Thessalonica; N - Nicomedia; At - Antioch Table 8: Coins by phases of Haus I PHASE VII PHASE VI ■ PHASE V PHASE IV ? PHASE Hi __ PHASE II PHASE I Tiberius Vespasian Nerva Trajan Hadrian Gaiiienus HOARD {AD 294-305) 306-337 337-361 364-383 200 Cristian Gazdac- Franz Humer Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 201 UNRELIABLE CONTEXTS =: O 1 o B 5 ri : :~ ■ ' ■ ■ 5 f 'J; 5 \J c g c 1 ■J :S O s - £ £ »• = pi > > > HI 1 ft. | a g i ■j 1 o 1! i Hi ILI CO ■:- If* ■SEE f ^ 1 !;•■ 3 "> § ■4 " X „ c i 1 1 o c LL > ILL 1 X a > LN 3 a. fi o || K — S s 5 s EL I a X Q. n+i ■- o il fi L C "e Ll ^) a. - ^ i-— = .6 m ^ a — J H ~ v fill EL !-Q J G J: E 5 1 d I: (J c 3 1 c (J q = d ■J: = -3 1 £ ': ■ ^ £ .j .- = 1 '. w 11 U '5 o _2 o "Li re ii o 5 L; .§ 3 > c ? > | E 1 > b .- E G r: 1 it I i -< :■ V1- 5 ri Li 1 i. 1 1 U sf ■'1 1 < o 202 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer 5. Catalogue A. Single coins from the excavations of 2001-2002 TIBERIVS: DIVVS AVGVSTVS 1. Inv. No. 1424/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: dupondius Axis: 1; D: 26.6 mm; W: 9.1 gr." Mint: Rome Dating: 15-16 Obv: DIVVS AVGV-STVS [pater] Head radiate, left. In front, thunderbolt; above head star Rv: S - C to left and right of draped female figure seated right, feet on stool, right holding patera, left long sceptre Reference: RIC I2 p. 99 no. 72 (but as) Find-spot: Period I TIBERIVS: DIVVS AVGVSTVS 2. Inv. No. 520/2001 (pi. 1) Denomination: as Axis: 12; D: 26.9 mm; W: 7.6 gr. Mint Rome Dating: 22-30 Obv: [divus] AVGVSTVS PA[ter] Head bare, left Rv: S - C to left and right of an altar Reference: RIC I2 p. 99 no. 81 Find-spot: Period II (Hadrian)/Fitting out layer Julio-Claudian dynasty 3. Inv. No. 1108/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: as Axis: -; D: 28 mm; W: 8.3 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 1Et half 1st century Obv: Legend erased Head silhouette, left Rv: Erased Reference: - Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 VESPASIANVS? 4. Inv. No. 1318/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: as Axis: 6; D: 24.1 mm; W: 8.1 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 71-73 Obv: Legend erased Head silhouette, right Rv: Legend erased Altar Reference: cf. RIC II p. 74 no. 494; p. 79 no. 544 Find-spot: Period III (circa AD 150) DOMITIANVS 5. Inv. No. 395/2001 Denomination: as Axis: 7; D: 29.3 x 26.3 mm; W: 11.7 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 86-89 Obv: [imp caes] DOMIT AVG GER [m co] S XII [(ii?) cens per p p] Head lareate, right Rv: [fortunae a]V[gusti] S - C Fortuna standing left, holding rudder and comucopiae Reference: cf. RIC II, type of "FORTVNAE AVGVSTI" Find-spot: Period II (Hadrian)/Fitting out layer NERVA? inv. No. 1683/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: as Axis: -; D: 26.9 x 23 mm; W: 6 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 96-98 Obv: Legend erased Bust laureate, right Rv: Erased Reference: - Find-spot: Filling Ill/Post II TRAIANVS Inv. No. 1209/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: as Axis: 6; D: 28.1 mm; W: 8.9 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 99-100 Obv: IMP CAES NERVA TRAIAN AVG GERM P M Bust laureate draped on left shoulder, right Rv: TR POT - COS 111 P P; S - C Victory walking left, holding shield Reference: RIC II p. 274 n. 416 Find-spot: Filling Ill/Post II TRAIANVS Inv. No. 553/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: dupondius Axis: 6; D: 27.3 mm; W: 11.2 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 103-111 Obv: IM[p caes ner]VA TRAIAN AVG GERM [daci]CVS [p m] Bust radiate, right Rv: [tr p vii imp iiiiJCOS V P P Exergue: S - C Abundantia seated left, on chair formed of two comucopiae, holding sceptre Reference: RIC II p. 277 no. 454 Find-spot: Period IV (Severan)ZRemainder of filling HADRIANVS Inv. No. 1734/2002 (pi, 1) Denomination: as Axis: 6; D: 26.5 mm; W: 7.4 gr. Zivilstadt Camuntum - Haus I 203 Mint: Rome Dating: 125-128 Obv: HADRIANVS - AVGVSTVS Bust laureate with drapery on let shoulder, right Rv: COS - III S - C Salus standing right, feeding snake, held in her arms, out of patera in left hand Reference: RIC II p. 427 no. 669(d). Find-spot: End period I/In the pit filling beneath floor Period II HADRIANVS 10. lnv. No. 1024/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: as Axis: -; D: 25,8 mm; W: 8.5 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 117-138 Obv: Legend erased Bust silhouette, right Rv: Erased Reference: - Find-spot Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 MARCVS AVRELIVS 11. lnv. No. 854/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: as Axis: 12; D: 25.9x 23.2 mm; W: 8.7 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 161-162 Obv: IMP CAES M laurel antoJNINVS AVG P M Head laureate, right Rv: [sa]LVTI AVG[stor] TR P XVI [cos iii] [s - c] Silhouette of Salus standing left, holding sceptre and the altar Reference: cf. RiC 111 p. 279 no. 831 Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 GALL! EN VS 12. lnv. No. 997/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: antoninian (fragmentary) Axis: 5; D: 20.4 mm; W: - Mint: Rome Dating: 262 Obv: GALL[ien]VS A[u]g Head radiate, right Rv: [laeti]T!A [aug]; in field: V Laetitia standing left, holding wreath and anchor Reference: MIR 36 no. 498f Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 GALLiENVS 13. lnv. No. 579/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: antoninian Axis: 6; D: 17.1 mm; W: 2.5 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 267-268 Obv: GALLIENVS [au]G Head radiate, right Rv: PROVI [a]VG; in field: II Providentia standing left, holding baton and cornucopiae; at feet, globe Reference: cf. MIR 36 no. 1476b Find-spot: Period V (after 300 AD)/Pavement GALLIEN US 14. lnv. No. 1867/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: radiate Axis: 12: D: 18.2 mm; W: 1.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 267-268 Obv: Legend broken Head radiate, right Rv: Legend erased; in field: S Sol standing front, head turned left, right hand raised, holding globe in left Reference: MIR 36 no. 1501b Find-spot: End Period V/Filling of well GALLIENVS; SALON INA 15. lnv. No. 1844a/2002(pl. 1) Denomination: antoninianus Axis: 6; D: 20.1 mm; W: 1.9 gr. Mint: Mediolanum Dating: 259-260 Obv: SALONINA AVG Bust draped on crescent, right Rv: FECVNDiTAS AVG Hippocamp right Reference: MIR 36 no. 935t Find-spot: End Period V/Filling of well CLAVDIVS II 16. lnv. No. 890a/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: antoninian Axis: 12; D: 20.5 mm; W: 1.8 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 269-270 Obv: IMP C CLAVDIVS AVG Bust radiate, cuirassed, right Rv: [aeq]VIT AVG Aequitas standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC V.1 no. 14 Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 TACITVS 17. lnv. No. 937/2002 (pi, 1) Denomination: antoninian Axis: 1; D: 23.5 x 20.7 mm; W: 3.3 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 275-276 Obv: IMP CMCL TACITVS Bust radiate, right Rv: CLEMENTIA TEMP Exergue: XXIB Clementia standing facing, head turned left, holding sceptre and leaning on column Reference: R1CV.1 no. 84 204 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 Unidentified coin 18. Inv. No. 512/2001 (pi. 1) Denomination: as Axis: -; D: 26.1 x 24.4 mm; W: 6 gr. Mint: - Dating: 15' half 1st century AD Obv: Head silhouette, left? Rv: Erased Reference: - Find-spot: Period .I/Fitting out layer Unidentified coin 19. Inv. No. 451/2001 Denomination: as? (fragmentary) Axis: -; D: -; W: - Mint: - Dating: 2nd century AD Obv/Rv: Erased Reference: - Find-spot: Filling Ill/Post II Unidentified coin 20. Inv. No. 980/2002 Denomination: denarius/antoninianus Axis: -; D: 21.2 mm; W: 2.9 gr. Mint: - Dating: 2nd-3r<1 century Obv/Rv: Erased Reference: - Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 Unidentified coin 21. inv. No. 1376/2002 Denomination: - Axis: -; D: -; VV: - Mint: - Dating: 2rd century? Obv/Rv: Illegible Reference: - Find-spot: End Period l/ln the pit filling beneath floor Period II MAXIMIANVS I 22. Inv. No, 1019W2002 Denomination: follis fraction Axis: 4; D: 18.3 mm; W: 1.8 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 305 Obv: [imp c m m]AXI[mianus p f aug] Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GENIO PO[p-opuli romani] Exergue: SIS Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 471 no. 146 Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 LICINIVS I 23. Inv. No. 1806/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 21.1 mm; W: 2.8 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 313-315 Obv: IMP LIC LIC1-NIVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: IOVI CON-SERVATORI Exergue: SIS; in field: r Jupiter standing left, chlamys across left shoulder, leaning on sceptre, Victory on globe right hand; eagle with wreath to left Reference: RIC VII p. 423 no. 8 Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 CONSTANTINVS I 24. Inv. No. 524/2001 (pi. 1) Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 18 mm; W: 2.2 gr. Mint: Antioch Dating: 330-335 Obv: [constantinu]S MAX AVG Bust laureate, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: SMANA Two soldiers standing, spear in outer hand; between them, two standards Reference: RIC VII p. 693 no. 86 Find-spot: Period VII CONSTANTINVS I: Constantius II (as Caesar) 25. Inv. No. 392/2001 Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 18 x 16.9 mm; W: 2.3 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 330-331 Obv: FL IVL CONSTANTIVS NOB C Bust laureate, draped, cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: RBT Two soldiers helmeted, standing looking at one another, reversed spear in outer hand, inner hand on shield resting on ground; between them, two standards Reference: RIC VII p. 336 no. 337 Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 CONSTANTINVS I: Constantius II (as Caesar) 26. Inv. No. 1161/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: follis Axis: 5; D: 20.3 x 17 mm; W: 2.4 gr. Mint: Constantinople Dating: 333-335 Obv: FL IVL CONSTANTIVS NOB C Bust laureate, cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 205 Plate 1 206 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer Exergue: *CONSr> Two soldiers standing, spear in outer hand; between them, two standards Reference: RIC VII p. 581 no. 75 Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 CONSTANTINVS I: Cgnstans (as Caesar) 27. Inv. No. 1814/2002 Denomination: follis (fragmentary) Axis: 12; D: 16.7 mm; W: 1.6 gr. Mint: - Dating: 334-335 Obv: CONSTANS NOB CAES Bust laureate, draped, cuirassed, right Rv: [glor]-lA EXERC-ITVS Exergue; broken Two soldiers standing, spear in outer hand; between them, two standards Reference: cf. RIC VII, type of "GLORIA EXERCITVS - two standards" Find-spot: Stray find CONSTANTINVS I: Constantinus II (as Caesar) 28. Inv. No. 1791/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: follis Axis: 11; D: 16.3 mm; W: 1.7 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 336-337 Obv: CONSTANTINVS [VN NOB Bust rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: «AQP Two soldiers standing, spear in outer hand; between them, two standards Reference: RIC VII p. 410 no. 140 Find-spot: Period Vl/Trench into the filling from Period V CONSTANT]NVS I: Helena 29. inv. No. 1794/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 18.6 mm; W: 3.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 328-329 Obv: FL HELENA - AVGVSTA Bust diademed, mantled with necklace, right Rv: SECVRITAS REIPVBLICE Exergue: FSISu Securitas standing left, holding branch pointing down, raising robe with right hand Reference: RIC VII p. 453 no. 218 Find-spot: Period V (after 300 ADVFitting out layer CONSTANTINVS II 30. Inv. No. 1472/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: foliis Axis: 12; D: 16.2 mm; W: 1.7 gr. Mint: Cyzicus Dating: 337-340 Obv: [d] N CONSTAN-TINVS P F AVG Bust rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-Iia] EXE[rc-itus] Exergue: »[s]M K[?] Two helmeted soldiers standing facing, heads turned towards each other; each holds an inverted spear and rests on a shield; between them, a standard Reference: RIC VIII p. 490 no. 15 Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 CONSTANS 31. Inv. No. 1869/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 16 x 15.5 mm; W: 1.5 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 347-348 Obv: CONSTANS P F AVG Bust laureate and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN Exergue: AQS Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: cf. RIC VIII p. 322 no. 76 Find-spot: End Period V/Filling of well CONSTANS 32. Inv. No. 1856/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: follis Axis: 11; D: 15.3x 13.6 mm; W: 1.5 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 347-348 Obv: CONSTANS P F AVG Bust laureate and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: VlCtforiae dd augg q nn] Exergue: AQS Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: cf. RIC VIII p. 322 no. 105 Find-spot: Disturbed layer CONSTANS 33. Inv. No. 393a/2001 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 17.8 mm; W: 2.2 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 348-350 Obv: D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP REPARATIO Exergue: TESA Emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and standard with Chi- Rho on the banner; in the stern sits Victory, steering the ship Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 207 Reference: RIC VIII p. 412 no. 120 Find-spot: Disturbed layer CONSTANTIVS 11 34. Inv. No. 1792/2002 (pL 1) Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 16.8 mm; W: 1.8 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 337-340 Obv: CONSTANTI-VS P F AVG Bust rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: »eSIS« Two helmeted soldiers standing facing, heads turned towards each other; each holds an inverted spear and rests on a shield; between them, one standard with Chi-Ro on the banner Reference: RIC VIII p. 355 no. 101 Find-spot: Period Vl/Trench into the filling from Period V CONSTANTIVS II 35. Inv. No. 396/2001 Denomination: follis (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: 15.1 mm; W: - Mint: Aquileia Dating: 347-348 Obv: CONSTANT-[ius p f aug] Bust laurel and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: VICTORIAE DD AV[gg q nn] Exergue: AQT Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: RIC VIII p. 322 no. 76 Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 CONSTANTIVS II 36. Inv. No. 1868/2002 (pi. 1) Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 16.4x 14.7mm; W: 1.6 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 347-348 Obv: CONSTANTI-VS P F AVG Bust laurel and pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN .cSlS. Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: RIC VIII p. 363 no. 184 Find-spot: End Period V/Filling of well CONSTANTIVS II 37. Inv. No. 1844b/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 14.4 mm; W: 1.6 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 347-348 Obv: CONSTANTI-VS P F AVG Bust laurel and pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN hR_ [a]StS Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: RIC VIII p. 363 no. 191 Find-spot: End Period V/Filling of well CONSTANTIVS II 38. Inv. No. 1842/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 15.9 x 14.5 mm; W: 1.6 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 347-348 Obv: CONSTANTI-VS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN tASIS Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: RIC VIII p. 363 no. 194 Find-spot: End Period V/Filiing of well CONSTANTIVS II 39. Inv. No. 1027/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 18.1 x 17.1 mm; W; 2.2 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 351-355 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: BSlSr Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm; he wears a pointed cap Reference: RIC VIII p. 375 no. 350 Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 CONSTANTIVS II 40. Inv. No. 199a/2001 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3} Axis: 6; D: 17.7 x 16.7 mm; W: 2.7 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 351-355 Obv: [d n const]AN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [fel temp] - REPARATIO Exergue: [?]SIS[?] Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm; he wears a pointed cap 208 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer Reference: cf. RIC VIII p. 375f. Find-spot: Disturbed layer CONSTANTIVS II 41. Inv. No. 1839/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 17.1 mm; W: 2.4 gr. Mint: Sirmium Dating: 351-355 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cnirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: ASIRM» Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: cf. RIG VIII p. 388 no. 52 Find-spot: Period Vl/Extraction of the EW-wall CONSTANTIVS II 42. Inv. No. 1006a/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 12; D: 19.3 mm; W: 2.6 gr. Mint: Arelate Dating: 355-360 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO; in field: A Exergue: TCONS Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm; he wears a pointed cap. Reference: RIC VIII p. 224 no. 272 Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 CONSTANTIVS II 43. Inv. No. 1438/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 19.1 x 17.2 mm; W: 2.4 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 355-361 Obv: [d ]N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: BSIS ; in field: M Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm; he wears a pointed cap Reference: RIC VIII p. 377 no. 369 Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 CONSTANTIVS II 44. Inv. No. 1779/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 17.1 mm; W: 2.4 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 355-361 Obv: D N CONSTANTI-VS P F AVG Bust rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: ASISD; in field: M Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm; he wears a pointed cap Reference: RIC VIII p. 377 no. 372 Find-spot: Period Vl/Debris layer CONSTANTIVS II 45. Inv. No. 1461/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) (fragmentary) Axis: 12; D: -; W: - Mint: Siscia? Dating: 355-361 Obv: D N CONSTAN-[t]IVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: broken; in field: M Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm; he wears a pointed cap Reference: cf. RIC VIII p. 377f. Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 CONSTANTIVS II: Constantius III Gallus (as Caesar) 46. Inv. No. 1019a/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 21.6 x 20.2 mm; W: 3.6 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 351-355 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS NOB C Head bare, bust draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [fel tem]P - RE[paratio] Exergue: [?]ASIS[?] Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm; he wears a pointed cap Reference: RIC VIII p. 374f. Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 CONSTANTIVS II: Constantius III Gallus (as Caesar) 47. Inv. No. 393b/2001 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) (fragmentary) Zrvilstadt CarnuntLim - Haus I 209 Plate 2 Axis: 6; D: -; W: - Mint: - Dating: 351-355 Obv: [d n corfjSTANTIVS NOB CAES Bust bare-headed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [fel temp r]EPARATIO Exergue: broken Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman; shield on ground at right. Horseman wears pointed cap and turns to face soldier and extends left arm Reference: cf. RIC VIII, type of "FELICE TEMPORVM REPARATIO - falling horseman" Find-spot: Disturbed layer CONSTANTIVS II: lulianus (as Caesar) 43. Inv. No. 521/2001 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis (fragmentary) Axis: 12; D:-; W:- Mint: Siscia Dating: 355-361 Obv: [d n iulian-]VS NOBC Head bare, bust draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SPES REI[pub]LICE Exergue: »ASISV Emperor standing left, holding globe and spear 210 Cristian Gazdac- Franz Humer Reference: RIC VIII p. 378 no. 402 Find-spot: Period VII (Middle Age, Modern Time) CONSTANTIVS ll/CONSTANS 49. Inv. No. 1292/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 12; D: 17.9 x 16.3 mm; W: 2.2 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 351-361 Obv: [d n] CONSTAN... Bust silhouette pearl-diademed, right Rv: Legend erased Exergue: AQC Helmeted soldier silhouette to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman Reference: cf. RIC VIII, type of "Falling horseman" Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 CONSTANTIVS ll/CONSTANS 50. Inv. No. 1362/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 12; D: 17.8 mm; W: 2.1 gr. Mint - Dating: 351-361 Obv: Legend illegible Bust silhouette pearl-diademed, right Rv: [fel temp - re]PARA[tio] Exergue: broken Helmeted soldier silhouette to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Reference: cf. RIC VIII, type of "Falling horseman" Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 VALENTINIANVS I 51. Inv. No. 1837/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 12; D: 20.2 x 17.2 mm; W: 2 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 364-367 Obv: D N VALENT1NI-ANVS P F AVG Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS - REIPVBLICAE Exergue: »AS1SC Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 146 no. 7(a) (ii) Find-spot: Disturbed layer VALENTINIANVS I 52. Inv. No. 890W2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 16.7 mm; W: 2.1 gr. Mint: Heraclea Dating: 364-367 Obv: D N VALENTIN l-ANVS P F AVG Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS - REIPVBLICAE Exergue: SMHA Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 191 no. 3(a) Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 VALENTINIANVS I 53. Inv. No. 1781a/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 6; D: 18.6x 16.8 mm; W: 2.1 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 367-375 Obv: D N VALENTINI-ANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS - REIPVBLICAE R.| •ASISC Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 146 no. 7(a) (x) Find-spot: Period Vl/Debris layer VALENTINIANVS I 54. Inv. No. 1784/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 6; D: 19 mm; W: 2 gr. Mint: Lugdunum Dating: 367-375 Obv: D N V[alentini]-ANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLORIA RO-MANORVM OF II R |s [l]VGS Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding labarum in left Reference: RIC IX p. 46 no. 20(a) (xxviii b) Find-spot: Period Vl/Debris layer VALENTINIANVS I 55. Inv. No. 1034/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 18.6 x 17.5 mm; W: 2.2 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 367-375 Obv: D N VALENTINI-ANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS - REIPVBLICAE * I P M ASISC Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm. Reference: RIC IX p. 147 no. 15(a) (xvii) Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 VALENTINIANVS I 56. Inv. No. 1394/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 7; D: 17 mm; W: 2.8 gr. Mint: Siscia Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 211 Dating: 367-375 Obv: D N VALENTIN l-ANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and ouirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS - REIPVBLICAE [*] F M [?]SIS[?] Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 147 no. 15(a) Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 VALENTINIANVS I 57. Inv. No. 500/2001 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionaiis (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: -; W: - Mint: - Dating: 367-375 Obv: D N VALENTIN l-[anus p f aug] Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS - REI[publicaeJ Exergue: broken Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: cf. RIC IX, type of "SECVRITAS RE I PVBLICAE" Find-spot: Disturbed layer VALENS 58. Inv. No. 391/2001 Denomination: centenionaiis (Aes 3) (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: -; W: - Mint: Rome Dating: 364-367 Obv: D N VALEN-S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS RE1 PVBLICA[e] Exergue: R«PR1M Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 120 no. 17(b) (ix b) Find-spot: Disturbed layer VALENS 59. Inv. No. 21/2001 Denomination: centenionaiis (Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 17.7 mm; W: 2.7 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 364-367 Obv: [d n valen]-S [p f aug] Silhouette of bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [securitas rei publicae] Exergue: TES[?] Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: cf. RIC IX p. 176 no. 18(b) (i) Find-spot: Trench from period VI VALENS 60. Inv. No. 1006b/2002 (pl.2) Denomination: centenionaiis (Aes 3) (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: -; W: - Mint: Siscia Dating: 364-375 Obv: [d n] VALEN-[s p f aug] Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: Legend broken Exergue: [S]ISC Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding labarum in left Reference: cf. RIC IX p. 146f., type of "GLORIA ROMANORVM" Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 VALENS 61. Inv. No. 1861/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionaiis Axis: 12; D: 20.9 mm; W: 1.5 gr. Mint: - Dating: 367-375 Obv: [d n valen]-S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLORIA RO-MANORVM Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding labarum in left Reference: RIC IX, type of "GLORIA ROMANORVM" Find-spot: Stray find VALENS 62. Inv. No. 423/2001 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionaiis (Aes 3) (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: -; W: - Mint: Cyzicus Dating: 364-375 Obv: [d n] VALEN-[s p f aug] Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [glo]RIA [romanorum] Exergue: [s]MK[?] Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding labarum in left Reference: cf. RIC IX p. 240ff., type of "GLORIA ROMANORVM" Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 VALENS 63. Inv. No. 397/2001 Denomination: centenionaiis (Aes 3) Axis: 12; D: 19.5 mm; W: 2.4 gr. Mint: - Dating: 364-375? Obv: D N [val]EN-S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: RESTITVT-OR REIP 212 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer Exergue erased Emperor standing facing, head right, holding labarum and Victory on globe Reference: cf. RIC IX, type of "RESTITVTOR REI PVBLICAE': Find-spot: Period VII (Middle Age, Modem Time) VALENS 64. Inv. No. 1026/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: -; W: - Mint: - Dating: 364-375 Obv: [d n valen]S P F AVG Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [se]CVRITAS - [reipublicae] Exergue erased Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX, type of "SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE" Find-spot: Disturbed layer GRATIANVS 65. Inv. No. 1055/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 16.7 mm; W: 2.1 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 367-375 Obv: D N GRATIANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS - REIPVBLICAE „<LJ_ [*]ASISC Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 147 no. 15(c) (xi) Find-spot: Disturbed layer VALENTINIANVS l/VALENS 66. Inv. No. 420/2001 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionaiis (Aes 3) (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: -; W: - Mint: Cyzicus Dating: 364-375 Obv: Legend erased Bust silhouette, right Rv: Legend and exergue erased Silouhette of emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive Reference: cf. RIC IX, type of "GLORiA ROMANORVM" Find-spot: Period Vl/Trench into the filling from Period V VALENTINIANVS l/VALENS? 67. Inv. No. 1588/2002 Denomination: centenionalis (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: -; W: - Mint: - Dating: 364-375 Obv: Legend erased Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: Legend erased Exergue: broken Silhouette of Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: cf. RIC IX, type of ' SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE" Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 VALENTINIANVS I/ VALENS/GRATIANVS 68. Inv. No. 1781b/2002(p[. 2) Denomination: centenionalis (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: -; W: - Mint: - Dating: 364-375 Obv: Legend erased Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: Legend erased Exergue: broken Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding labarum in left Reference: RIC IX, type of "GLORIA ROMANORVM" Find-spot: Period Vl/Debris layer VALENTINIANVS II 69. Inv. No. 199b/2001 (pi. 2) Denomination: maiorina (Aes 2) Axis: 7; D: 25,9 x 23.1 mm; W: 3.8 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 378-383 Obv: D N VALENTINIANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [repa] RATIO REI [pub] r I [sm]TES Emperor standing facing, with right hand raising kneeling turreted woman Reference: RIC IX p. 181 no. 37(b) Find-spot: Disturbed layer VALENTINIANVS II 70. Inv. No. 1778/2002 Denomination: Aes 2 Axis: 12; D: 21.9 mm; W: 4.5 gr. Mint: Antioch Dating: 378-383 Obv: [d n] VALENTI[nianus p f a]VG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: REPARATIO - REI PVB Exergue: [an]T[B] Emperor standing facing, head left, with right hand raising turreted woman and holding Victory on globe in left Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 213 Plate 3 214 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer Reference: RIC VIII p. 284 no. 42(c) Find-spot: Period VI/Debris layer VALENTINlANVS II 71. Inv. No. 1825a/2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: -; W:- Mint: - Dating: 378-383 Obv: [valentinia]-NVS P F AVG Bust pear-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: Legend illegible Exergue illegible Silhouette probably seated and holding spear Reference: cf. RIC IX, type of "CONCORDIA AVG(GG)VSTORVM" Find-spot: Disturbed layer THEODOSIVS I 72. Inv. No. 394/2001 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 4) Axis: 6; D: 11.9 mm; W: 1 gr. Mint: Thessalonica? Dating: 388-393 Obv: D N TH[eodo-sius p f au]G Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SALVS [rei publicae] Exergue: [t]ESA Victory advancing left, holding trophy on shoulder with right hand, and dragging captive with left; in field: f Reference: RIC IX p. 188 no. 65(b) Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 VALENTINIANVS II/ ARCADIVS? 73. Inv. No. 398/2001 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 4) Axis: 6; D: 14.7 x 13.3 mm; W: 1.3 gr. Mint: Thessalonica? Dating: 388-393 Obv: D N [...]VS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [salus rei] [PVBL[icae] Exergue: [tes]A? Victory advancing left, holding trophy on shoulder with right hand, and dragging captive with left; in field: f Reference: cf. RIC IX p. 188 no. 65(a, c) Find-spot: Layer disturbed by the excavations of 1948-1950 Unidentified coin 74. Inv. No. 900/2002 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: -; D: 18.8 x 16.6 mm; W: 2.3 gr. Mint: - Dating: 2nd half 41" century Obv: Legend erased Bust silhouette, right Rv: Erased Reference: - Find-spot: Fill under wall from period VI Republic of Austria 75. Inv. No. 1825W2002 (pi. 2) Denomination: 5 Groschen Dating: 1950 Find-spot: Modem layer B. The hoard from room "J" (448 gr.) Find spot: Haus I, western annexe, room "J", with hypocaustum, end of period IV DIOCLETIANVS 1. Inv. No. 1763/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus argenteus Axis: 6; D: 19.9 x 18.4 mm; W: 2.1 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 294 Obv: DIOCLETI-ANVS AVG Head laureate, right Rv: VIRTVS-MILITVM R The four princes sacrificing over tripod before gate in six-turreted enclosure Reference: RIC VI p. 353 no. 32 a CONSTANTIVS I CHLORVS (Caesar) 2. Inv. No. 1747/2002 {pi. 3) Denomination: numus argenteus Axis: 6; D:18.6x 17.9 mm; W: 3.3 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 294 Obv: CONSTAN-TIVS CAES Head laureate, right Rv: VIRTVS - MILITVM The four princes sacrificing over tripod before gate in six-turreted enclosure Reference: RIC VI p. 353 no. 29 a CONSTANTIVS I CHLORVS (Caesar) Inv. No. 1748/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 27.2 mm; W: 10.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 294 Obv: FL VAL CONSTANTIVS NOB C Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMAN] Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 215 shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 464 no. 81 a MAXIMIANVS I Inv. No. 1754/2002 {pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 12; D: 27 x 24.6 mm; W: 8.3 gr. Mint: Ticinum Dating: 294-295 Obv: IMP C MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI T Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 283 no. 23 b MAXIMIANVS II GALERIVS (Caesar) Inv. No. 1771/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 27.3 mm; W: 10.2 gr. Mint: Nicomedia Dating: 294-295 Obv: GAL VAL MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 556 no. 28 b DIOCLETIANVS Inv. No. 1772/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 11; D: 28.6x 26.1 mm; W: 9.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 296 Obv: IMP C DIOCLETIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI | A =t=SIS Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 466 no. 95 a CONSTANTIVS I CHLORVS (Caesar) Inv. No. 1785/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 12; D: 28.1 x 25.9 mm; W: 8.1 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 296 Obv: CONSTANTIVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 466 no. 98 a DIOCLETIANVS 8. Inv. No. 1762/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 26 mm; W: 9.3 gr. Mint: Ticinum Dating: 296-297 Obv: IMP C DIOCLETIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI * I P T Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 284 no. 31 a MAXIMIANVS I 9. Inv. No. 1745/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 26,1 x 23.8 mm; W: 8 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 296-297 Obv: IMP C MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI s Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 358 no. 64 b MAXIMIANVS I 10. Inv. No. 1744/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus argenteus Axis: 12; D: 18.1 mm; W: 3.1 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 297 Obv: MAXIMIA-NVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: XC • VI/AQ in laurel-wreath Reference: RIC VI p. 312 no. 16 b MAXIMIANVS I 11. Inv. No. 1733/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 26.3 x 25 mm; W: 7.7 gr. Mint: Karthago Dating: 297 Obv: IMP MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: FELIX A-DV-ENT AVGG NN B | PKS Africa standing facing, head left, in long drapery with elephant-skin head-dress. Right holding standard, left tusk, at feet to left, lion with captured bull Reference: RIC VI p. 425 no. 21 b 216 Cristian Gazdac- Franz Humer DIOCLETIANVS 12. Inv. No. 1751a/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 11; D: 27.5 x 25.9 mm; W: 9.3 gr. Mint: Antioch Dating: 297 Obv: IMP C DIOCLETIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POPV-LI ROMAN I u jr__ ANT Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopias Reference: RIC VI p. 619 no. 48 a MAXIMIANVS II GALERIVS (Caesar) 13. Inv. No. 1760/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 28 x 25.8 mm; W: 9.2 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 297-298 Obv: MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI Ft | S 4 Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p, 467 no. 73 b CONSTANTIVS I CHLORVS (Caesar) 14. Inv. No. 1735/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 5; D: 28.3x 26.3 mm; W: 9.1 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 297-298 Obv: CONSTANTIVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POPV-LI ROMANI _ AQS Genius standing left, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 314 no. 26 a MAXIMIANVS II GALERIVS (Caesar) 15. Inv. No, 1765/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 28.7 mm; W: 10.5 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 298-299 Obv: GALVAL MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI TSA Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 512 no. 20 b MAXIMIANVS I 16. Inv. No, 1755a/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 12; D: 26.1 mm; W: 7.8 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 299 Obv: IMP C MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI _L Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 361 no. 94 b MAXIMIANVS I 17. Inv. No. 1769/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 27 mm; W: 9.2 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 299 Obv: IMP C MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae. Reference: RIC VI p. 361 no. 94 b MAXIMIANVS I 18. Inv. No. 1766/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 29 x 27 mm; W: 10.8 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 299 Obv: IMP MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI 1 _13 AQS Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 315 no. 7 b MAXIMIANVS I 19. Inv. No. 1743/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 28 mm; W: 10 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 299 Obv: IMP MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI I B SIS Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus 1 217 Plate 4 218 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 467 no. 108 b MAXIMIANVS I 20. Inv. No. 1758/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 12; D: 27.9 x 26.1 mm; W: 9.2 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 299 Obv: IMP MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI IB SIS Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 467 no. 108 b MAXIMIANVS II GALERIVS (Caesar) 21. Inv. No. 1761/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 28 mm; W: 8.5 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 299 Obv. MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI I Q=t= Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p, 361 no, 95 b MAXIMIANVS II GALERIVS (Caesar) 22. Inv. No. 1727/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 12; D: 27.5 mm; W: 8.5 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 299 Obv: MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI IB SIS Genius standing left, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 467 no. 109 b DIOCLETIANVS 23. Inv. No. 1746/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 28.3 x 26.4 mm; W: 8.5 gr. Mint: Rome? Dating: 299-300 Obv: IMP C DIOCLETIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POPVLI ROMANI Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: cf. RIC VI p. 361 no. 96 a MAXIMIANVS II GALERIVS (Caesar) .24. Inv. No. 1730/2002 (pi. 3) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 12; D: 29.2 x 25.9 mm; W: 9.9 gr. Mint: Karthago Dating: 299-303 Obv: MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: SALVIS AVGG ET CAESS FEL KART A Carthago standing facing, head left, in long robe, holding fruits in both hands Reference: RIC VI p. 427 no. 32 b MAXIMIANVS II GALERIVS (Caesar) 25. Inv. No. 1732/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 12; D:30.4x 27.9 mm; W: 10.8 gr. Mint: Karthago Dating: 299-303 Obv: MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: SALVIS AVGG ET CAESS FEL KART A Carthago standing facing, head left, in long robe, holding fruits in both hands Reference: RIC VI p. 427 no. 32 b DIOCLETIANVS 26. Inv. No. 1736/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 12; D: 29.7 x 28.1 mrr>; W: 8.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: circa 300 Obv: IMP DIOCLETIANVSP F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI S A XXISIS Genius standing left, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 467 no. 110 MAXIMIANVS II GALERIVS (Caesar) 27. Inv. No. 1741/2002 {pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 27 mm; W: 9.2 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 300 Obv: MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: SACRA MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR AQr Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 219 Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 315 no. 30 b MAXIMIANVS II GALERIVS (Caesar) 28. Inv. No. 1739/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 12; D: 27.9 x 26 mm; W: 10.2 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 300-301 Obv: MAXIMIANVS [nob] CAES Head laureate, right Rv: SACRA MON VRB AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR _ 3SQ Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 362 no. 102 b DIOCLETIANVS 29. Inv. No. 1728/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 27.8 x 25.8mm; W: 10.5 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 301 Obv: IMP DIOCLETIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: SACRA MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR * B SIS Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: cf. RIC VI p. 469 no. 134 a MAXIMIANVS I 30. Inv. No. 1742/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 12; D: 27 mm; W: 7.7 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 301 Obv: IMP MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: SACRA MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR [ V AQP Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 315 no. 31 b MAXIMIANVS I 31 Inv. No. 1755W2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 12; D: 27.3 mm; W: 8.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 301 Obv: IMP MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: SACRA MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR * | B SIS Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 469 no. 134 b CONSTANTIVS I CHLORVS (Caesar) 32. Inv. No. 1790/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 29 x 26.6 mm; W: 10.7 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 301 Obv: CONSTANTIVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: SACRA MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR _V_ AQF Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 315 no. 32 a CONSTANTIVS I CHLORVS (Caesar) 33. Inv. No. 1764/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 27.4 mm; W: 9.9 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 301 Obv: CONSTANTIVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: SACRA MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR V AQF Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 315 no. 32 a MAXIMIANVS I 34. Inv. No. 1752/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 27.5 mm; W: 10.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 302 Obv: IMP MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: SACRA MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR * | B *SIS Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 469 no. 136 b MAXIMIANVS II GALERIVS (Caesar) 35. Inv. No. 1753/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 29.1 x 27.2 mm; W: 9 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 302 Obv: MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right 220 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer Rv: SACRA MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR * | A *SIS Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 469 no. 137 b MAXIMIANVS II GALERIVS (Caesar) 36. Inv. No. 1789/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 29.4 x 28.2 mm; W: 9.9 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 302 Obv: MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: SACRA MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR + B *SIS Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 469 no. 137 b CONSTANTIVS I CHLORVS (Caesar) 37. Inv. No. 1729/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 27.6 x 26 mm; W: 8.2 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 302 Obv: CONSTANTIVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: SACRA MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR * A *SIS Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 469 no. 137 a CONSTANTIVS I CHLORVS (Caesar) 38. Inv. No. 1756/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 29.1 x 26.2 mm: W: 8.8 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 302 Obv: CONSTANTIVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: SACRA MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR * | A *S1S Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 469 no. 137 a DIOCLETIANVS 39. inv. No. 1757/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 5; D: 27.9x 26 mm; W: 9.7 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 302-303 Obv: IMP C DIOCLETIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: SAC MON VRB AVGG ET CAESS NN R P Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 362 no. 105 a DIOCLETIANVS 40. Inv. No. 1759/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 27 mm; W: 9 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 302-303 Obv: IMP DIOCLETIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv; SACR MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR I VI AQS Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 316 no. 35 a DIOCLETIANVS 41. Inv. No. 1750/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 28 x 25.8 mm; W: 9.2 gr. Mint: Antioch Dating: 302-303 Obv: IMP C DIOCLETIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POPV-LI ROMANI B | ANT* Genius standing left, naked but chlamyover shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 620 no. 56 a MAXIMIANVS I 42. Inv. No. 1768/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 27 mm; W: 9.8 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 302-303 Obv: IMP C MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: SACRA MON VRB AVGG ET CAESS NN * RS Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 362 no. 103 b MAXIMIANVS I 43. Inv. No. 1751W2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 27.2 x 25 mm; W: 9.2 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 302-303 Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 221 -1. \0h %&Y^ tout* / Uiz-^&a- ft>&k,Mts\]s*in.% ty - 4oJ& tv, imp cd-^weiVi rfv. irtp L H AVP. PRo&V-i AX/6 B&^t Hew -vi.t. M. btj NOB CAe5 CM rJlflM\T£ ? FAYS, Mitt 'lu^A- Wu.***^ li.G^W^JUwWuw^^.-^ jEtvtlTAS REi CifBl-lO»^ W^trv^s. $*i£t" w. Pa^A*i thiiVr. -10 5v£dio,«.Ji J^JVm a* ON Sr^TiAMi/i p fAV<S ' vox ttou^.'l 1,1 if in i fits** ft?4s)i 4" 6,r tfe-r. Til jit £, ^Vi>mi/i,jj toi f -Ifc/ll for. 3? ' Be*-. *l* ' t 4t4~ lkoM^f- t 1 ?(Lf E1 Tr^«vVW«^7^A^Wit fV i1 / T$v\rAvr<**^t ht&tZv "tytfxrt&^rfcu**. tf<C it/ iscvRir Pe<!P dtiilWi 3it- ISO it At *S,fjth Plate 5 222 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer Obv: IMP MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: SACR MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR LYL AQS Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 316 no. 35 b- CONSTANTIVS I CHLORVS (Caesar) 44. Inv. No. 1793/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 28.7 x 27 mm; W: 10.6 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 302-303 Obv: CONSTANTIVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: SACR MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR AQT Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 316 no. 36 a MAXIMIANVS I 45. Inv. No. 1740/2002 (pi. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 27 mm; W: 9,2 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 303 Obv: IMP MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: SACR MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR * | VI AQP Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 316 no. 37 b DIOCLETIANVS 46. Inv. No. 1726/2002 (pl. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 4; D: 28.1 mm; W: 9.8 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 304 Obv: IMP DIOCLETIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: SACR MONET AVGG ET CAESS NN _u | V SISB Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: cf. RIC VI p. 470 no. 142 a (var. Obv.) MAXIMIANVS II GALERIVS (Caesar) 47. Inv. No. 1796/2002 (pl. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 28.6x 26.7 mm; W: 10.3 gr. Mint: Ticinum Dating: 304-305 Obv: MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: SACRA MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR | * ST Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 286 no. 48 b DIOCLETIANVS 48. Inv. No. 1788/2002 (pl, 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 27.8 mm; W: 9.8 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 304-305 Obv: IMP DIOCLETIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: SACR MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR u VI AQP Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 316 no. 39 a MAXIMIANVS I 49. Inv. No. 1797/2002 (pl. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 6; D: 28.8 mm; W: 9.7 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 305 Obv: IMP MAXIMIANVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: SACR MONET AVGG ET CAESS NN « v | VI SISB Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 470 no. 144 b CONSTANTIVS I CHLORVS (Caesar) 50. Inv. No. 1749/2002 (pl. 4) Denomination: numus follis Axis: 12; D: 27.1 mm; W: 9.5 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 305 Obv: CONSTANTIVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: SACR MONET AVGG ET CAESS NN Q | VI sisr Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae Reference: RIC V! p. 470 no. 145 a (but SACRA) Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 223 C. Coins from the excavations of 1948-1950 COMMODVS 1. Denomination: sestertius (pi. 5) D:28x 27 mm; W: 16.1 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 180-192 Obv: M COMMODVS ANT P FELIX AVG BRIT Head laureate, right Rv: P M TR P XI IMP VII COS V P P; S - C Commodus seated left on curule chair, holding globe and crowned by Victory flying left Reference: RIC III p. 420 no. 463 Find-spot: Room D near the wall "c". Bibliography: Vorbeck 1957, p. 34 no. 1 CLAVDIVS II 2. Denomination: radiate Mint: Rome Dating: 268-270 Obv: IMP CLAVDIVS AVG Bust radiate, cuirassed right Rv: LAETITIA AVG Laetitia standing left, holding wreath and cornucopiae Reference: RiC V.1 no. 56 Bibliography: Vorbeck 1957, p. 34 no. 2 CLAVDIVS II 3. Denomination: radiate (pi. 5) D:20.2x 19.3 mm; W: 3.3 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 268-270 Obv: IMP CLAVDIVS AVG Bust radiate, cuirassed right Rv: PAX AVG Pax standing left, holding olive branch and scepter X Reference: RIC V.1 no. 63 Find-spot: Room C near the wall fragment of early period PROBVS 4. Denomination: radiate (pi. 5) D: 23 mm; W: 3.4 gr. Mint: Ticinum Dating: 276-282 Obv: VIRTVS PROBI AVG Bust with helm, radiate and cuirassed with spear, right Rv:SECVRIT PERP Securitas standing left I | VIXXI Reference: RIC V.2 no. 522 Find-spot: In the middle of the pedestal of the southern peripheral wall (garden). PROBVS 5. Denomination: radiate (pi. 5) D: 22.9 mm; W: 2.5 gr. Mint: - Dating: 276-282 Obv: IMP C M AVR PROBVS AVG Bust radiate and cuirassed, right Rv: Erased Reference: - Find-spot: Southern porch, eastern wall LICINIVS I 6. Denomination: follis (pi. 5) D: 22.9 x 21.8 mm; W: 3.5 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 313-315 Obv: IMP LICINIVS P F AVG Head laureate, right Rv: IOVI CONSERVATORI A | SIS Jupiter, holding Victory und scepter: at feet, eagle Reference: RIC VII p. 423 no. 5 Find-spot: Room E1 near the intermediary wall with F1 CONSTANTINVS I: Urbs Roma 7. Denomination: follis Mint: Siscia Dating: 334-335 Obv: VRBS ROMA Roma helmeted, left Rv: The she-wolf with the twins; two stars above Exergue: ASIS Reference: RIC VII p. 456 no. 240 Bibliography: Vorbeck 1957, p. 34 no. 2 CONSTANTINVS I: Urbs Roma 8. Denomination: follis (pi. 5) D: 18.5 mm; W: 2.8 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 336-337 Obv: VRBS ROMA Roma helmeted, left Rv: The she-wolf with the twins; two stars above Exergue: SMTSs Reference: RIC VII p. 530 no. 229 Find-spot: Room G1, hypocaustum CONSTANS 9. Denomination: centenionalis (pi. 5) D: 17.3x 15.5 mm; W: 1.7 gr. Mint: Sisicia Dating: 337-340 Obv: CONSTANS P F AVG Bust laurel and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLORIA EXERCITVS Exergue: ASIS Two helmeted soldiers facing, heads turned towards each other; each holds an inverted 224 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer spear and rests on a shield; between them a standard Reference: RIC VIII p. 355 no. 87 Find-spot: Room C near wall "c" CONSTANS 10. Denomination: centenionalis (pi. 5) D: 16/-. 15.5 mm; W: 1.6 gr. Mint: Sisicia Dating: 337-340 Obv: CONSTANS P F AVG Bust laurel and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLORIA EXERCITVS Exergue: BSIS Reference: RIC VIII p. 355 no. 87 Find-spot: Debris layer CONSTANS 11. Denomination: centenionalis (pi. 5) D: 16 x 15.7 mm; W: 1.7 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 337-340 Obv: CONSTANS P F AVG Bust laurel and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLORIA EXERCITVS Exergue: SMTS Reference: RIC VIII p. 407 no. 57 Find-spot: Debris layer CONSTANTIVS II 12. Denomination: centenionalis (pi. 5) D: 16.0 x 14 mm: W: 1 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 347-348 Obv: CONSTANTIVS P F AVG Bust laurel and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN Exergue: AQT Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: RIC VIII p. 322 no. 76 Find-spot: Intermediary wall between rooms E und F CONSTANTIVS II 13. Denomination: centenionalis Mint: Siscia Dating: 348-361 Obv: D N CONSTANTIVS P F AVG Bust bare-headed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: ? Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman; shield on ground at right Reference: RIC VIII, type of "Falling horseman". Bibliography: Vorbeck 1957, p. 34 no. 3 CONSTANTIVS II: lulianus 111 (as Caesar) 14. Denomination: centenionalis (pi, 5) D: 17.9 x 17 mm; W: 2.5 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 355-361 Obv: D N IVLIANVS NOB CAES Bust bare-headed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: ASISS? Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman; shield on ground at right Reference: RIC VIM p. 377 no. 363 Find-spot: Intermediary wall between rooms E und F VALENTINI AN VS I 15. Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) (pi. 5) D: 19x 16 mm; W: 2.7 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 364-367 Obv: D N VALENTINl-ANVS P F AVG Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS - REIPVBLICAE Exergue: ASIS Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 146 no. 7(a) (i) Find-spot: Intermediary wall between rooms E und F VALENS 16. Denomination: centenionalis (pi, 5) D: 17,4 x 16.5 mm; W: 2.2 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 364-367 Obv: D N VALEN-S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE * A? ASISC Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 146 no. 7(b) (vi) Find-spot: Room C near wall "c" VALENS 17. Denomination: centenionalis (pi. 5) D: 17.3 x 16.2 mm; W: 2.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 364-367 Obv: D N VALEN-S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS REI PVBLICAE A? | ASISC Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Hans I 225 Plate 6 226 Cristian Gazdac- Franz Humer Reference: RIC IX p. 146 no. 7(b) (vi) Find-spot: Room C near wall "c" VALENS 18. Denomination: centenionalis Mint: Cyzicus Dating: 364-367 Obv: D N VALEN-S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS REI PVBL1CAE SN1KB Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 241 no. 11(b) 2 Bibliography: Vorbeck 1957, p. 34 no. 6. VALENTIN!ANVS I 19. Denomination: centenionalis Mint: Siscia Dating: 367-375 Obv: D N VALENTINl-ANVS P F AVG D. Coins from the e. Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLORIA RO-MANORVM [?]SIS[?] Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding labarum in left Reference: RIC IX p. 146 no. 14(a) (x) Bibliography: Vorbeck 1957, p. 34 no. 5 GRATIANVS 20. Denomination: centenionalis (pi, 5) D: 17.8 x 16.3 mm; W: 2.5 gr. Mint: - Dating: 375-383 Obv: D N GRATIANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: Erased Reference: - Find-spat: Room G1, hypocaustum of 1990-1992 DOMITIANVS 1. Inv. No. 76/1991; MC Inv. 3139 Denomination: as - limesfalsum Axis: -; D: -; W: - Mint: - Dating: 81-96 or post Obv: Legend erased Head silhouette, right Rv: Erased Reference: - SEPTIMIVS SEVERVS 2. Inv. No. 124/1991; MC Inv. 3204 (pi, 6) Denomination: denarius Axis: 7; D: 19.1 x 15.8 mm; W: 2.8 gr. Mint: Emesa Dating: 195 Obv: IMP CAE L SEP SEV PERT AVG COS P P Head laureate, right Rv: TR P III IMP IMP V COS H Trophy: at bottom two captives Reference: RIC IV.1 p. 150 no. 435 SEVERVS ALEXANDER 3. Inv. No. 19/1991; MC Inv. 3134 (pi. 6) Denomination: denarius Axis: 6; D: 19.1 x 15.8 mm; W: 3.5 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 222 Obv: IMP C M AVR SEV ALEXAND AV[g] Bust laureate, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: P M TR P COS P P Salus seating left, left hand leaning on then chair, feeding snake coiled on altar from patera. Reference: RIC IV.2 p. 72 no. 14(c) SEVERVS ALEXANDER: IVLIA MAMAEA 4. Inv. No. 70/1991; MC Inv. 3146 (pi. 6) Denomination: denarius - plated Axis: 6; D: 18.3 mm; W: 3.5 gr. Mint: - Dating: 229-231 or post Obv: IVLIA MA-MAEA AVG Bust draped, right Rv:VES[t]A Vesta standing left, holding patera and transverse sceptre Reference: cf. RIC IV.2 p. 99 no. 362 GORDIANVS III 5. Inv. No. 21/1991; MC inv. 3135 (pi. 6) Denomination: antoninian Axis: 12; D: 21.6 mm; W: 4.4 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 241-243 Obv: IMP GORD1ANVS PIVS FEL AVG Bust radiate, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: P M TR P III COS II P P Apollo, seated left, holding branch and resting left elbow on lyre Reference: RIC IV.3 p. 25 no. 88 GALLIENVS 6. Inv. No. 64/1991; MC Inv. 3151 Denomination: antoninian/radiate Axis: 12; D:-; W: 2.2 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 264-265 Obv: [gallien]VS A[ug] Head radiate, right Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 227 Rv: [virtus augu]STI Virtus standing left, holding spear; right foot on a captive's head Reference: MIR 36 no. 637a CLAVDIVS II 7. Inv. No. 81/1991; MC Inv. 3212 Denomination: antoninian Axis: 12; D: 20.4x 18.6 mm; W: 2.7 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 268-270 Obv: IMP CLAVDIVS AVG Bust radiate, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [felicit]AS AVG. Felicitas standing left, holding cornucopiae Reference: RIC V.1 no. 32 CLAVDIVS II? 8. Inv. No. 33/1991; MC Inv. 3155 Denomination: antoninian/radiate Axis: 6; D: 16.7 mm; W: 1.9 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 268-270 Obv; Erased Silhouette of a radiate head, right Rv: Silhouette standing, holding cornucopiae? Reference: — DIVVS CLAVDIVS II 9. Inv. No. 77/1991; MC Inv. 3156 Denomination: antoninian/radiate Axis: 6; D: -; W: 1.7 gr. Mint: - Dating: post 270 Obv: DIVO CLAVDIO Head radiate, right Rv: CONSECRATIO Eagle, head turned right Reference: RIC V.1 no. 266 AVRELIANVS 10. Inv. No. 75/1991; MC Inv. 3157 (pi. 6) Denomination: antoninian Axis: -; D: -; W: 2.4 gr. Mint: Mediolanum Dating: 272 Obv: [imp aurelian]VS AVG Bust radiate and cuirassed, right Rv: not struck Reference: MIR 47 no. 60-66 Remark: It is a spoilt coin. The obverse is strongly out of flan, and this could be the reason why the reverse has not been striken anymore. TETRICVS I: Tetricus II 11. Inv. No. 106/1991; MC inv. 3211 Denomination: antoninian/radiate (fragmentary) Axis: -; D: -; W: - Mint: - Dating: 270-273 Obv: Erased Silhouette of radiate head, right Rv: [pa]X [aug] Pax standing left, holding branch and sceptre Reference: RIC V.1 no. 248 TETRICVS I ? 12. Inv. No. 60/1991; MC Inv. 3152 Denomination: antoninian/radiate Axis: 11; D: 16 x 14,4; W: 1.2 gr. Mint: - Dating: 270-273 Obv: Erased Silhouette of radiate head, right Rv: Silhouette standing Reference: - CONSTANTIVS I CHLORVS (as Caesar) 13. Inv. No. 44/1991; MC Inv. 3150 (pi. 6) Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 26.8 mm; W: 9.3 gr. Mint: Carthago Dating: circa 297-298 Obv: CONSTANTIVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: FELIX AD-VE-NT AVGG NN H | PKT Africa standing facing, head left, in long drapery with elephant-skin head-dress. Right holding standard, left tusk, at feet to left, lion with captured bull Reference: RIC VI p. 426 no. 24 a MAXIMIANVS II GALERIVS (as Caesar) 14. Inv. No. 83/1991; MC Inv. 3214 (pi. 6) Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 28.8 mm; W: 9.9 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: circa 300 Obv: MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES Head laureate, right Rv: GENIO POP-VLI ROMANI I |A XXISIS Genius standing left, naked but chlamy over shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae Reference: RIC VI p. 468 no. 123 CONSTANTINVS I 15. Inv. No. 26/1991; MC Inv. 3163 Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 21.6 mm; W: 2.7 gr. Mint: Rome Dating: 314 Obv: IMP CONSTANTINVS P F AVG Bust laureate, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SOLI INV-I-CTO COM1TI R * S 228 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer Sol standing front, head turned left, right hand raised, holding globe in left Reference: RIC VII p. 298 no. 19 CONSTANTINVS I 16. Inv. No. 25/1991; MC Inv. 3164 Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 18.6 mm; W: 2.4 gr. ' Mint; A relate Dating: 321 Obv: CONSTAN-TINVS AVG Bust laureate, right Rv: D N CONSTANTINI MAX AVG VOT/./XX in laurel-wreath Exergue: PuA Reference: RIC VII p. 260 no. 233 CONSTANTINVS I 17. Inv. No. 73/1991; MC Inv. 3158 Denomination: follis Axis: 12; □: 18 mm; W: 1.9 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 321 Obv: CONSTAN-TINVS AVG Bust laureate, right Rv: D N CONSTANTINI MAX AVG VOTWXX in laurel-wreath Exergue: »AQP» Reference: RIC VII p. 404 no. 85 CONSTANTINVS I 18. Inv. No. 126/1991; MC Inv. 3221 Denomination: follis Axis: 11; D: 18x 16.6 mm; W: 2.1 gr. Mint: - Dating: 330-336 Obv: [cons]TANTINVS MAX AVG Bust laureate, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue erased Two soldiers standing, spear in outer hand; between them, two standards Reference: RIC VII, type of "GLORIA EXERCITVS - two standards" CONSTANTINVS I: Constantinus II (as Caesar) 19. Inv. No. 108/1991; MC Inv. 3217 Denomination: follis Axis: 12 D: 17.6 mm; W: 2.01 gr. Mint: Constantinople Dating: 333-335 Obv: CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB Bust rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: CONS0 Two soldiers standing, spear in outer hand; between them, two standards Reference: RIC VII p. 579 no. 60 CONSTANTINVS I: Constantinus II (as Caesar) 20. Inv. No. 116/1991; MC Inv. 3223 Denomination: follis Axis: 12 D: 13.9 mm; W: 1.7 gr. Mint: Constantinople Dating: 330-333 Obv: CONSTANTINVS [iun nob] Bust rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: CONSA Two soldiers standing, spear in outer hand; between them, two standards Reference: RIC VII p. 579 no. 60 CONSTANTINVS I: Constantius II (as Caesar) 21. Inv. No. 39/1991; MC Inv. 3161 (pi. 6) Denomination: follis Axis: 8; D: 19.2 x 18.1 mm; W: 1.8 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 334-335 Obv: FL IVL CONSTANTIVS NOB C Bust laureate, draped, cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: «ASIS« Two soldiers helmeted, standing looking at one another, reversed spear in outer hand, inner hand on shield resting on ground; between them, two standards. Reference: RIC VII p. 456 no. 237 CONSTANTINVS I: Constantius II (as Caesar) 22. Inv. No. 114/1991; MC Inv. 3216 (pi. 6) Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 17.5 x 16.7 mm; W: 2.4 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 334-335 Obv: FL IVL CONSTANTIVS NOB C Bust laureate, draped, cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: »rSIS« Two soldiers helmeted, standing looking atone another, reversed spear in outer hand, inner hand on shield resting on ground; between them, two standards Reference: RIC VII p. 456 no. 237 CONSTANTINVS I: Constantius II (as Caesar) 23. Inv. No. 58/1991; MC Inv. 3159 Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 19 mm; W: 2.5 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 335-336 Obv: FL IVL CONSTANTIVS NOB C Bust laureate, draped, cuirassed, right Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 229 Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: SMTSr Two soldiers helmeted, standing looking at one another, reversed spear in outer hand, inner hand on shield resting on ground; between them, two standards. Reference: RIC VII p. 526 no. 200 CONSTANT1NVS I: Constantius II (as Caesar) 24. Inv. No. 47/1991; MC Inv. 3170 Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 16.4 x 15.5 mm; W: 1.7 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 337 Obv: FL IVL CONSTANTIVS NOB C Bust laureate, draped, cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: TSIS* Two soldiers helmeted, standing looking at one another, reversed spear in outer hand, inner hand on shield resting on ground; between them, one standard Reference: RIC VII p. 460 no. 263 CONSTANTINVS I: Constantius II (as Caesar) 25. Inv. No. 127/1991; MC Inv. 3220 Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 16.3 mm; W: 1.6 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 337 Obv: FL IVL CONSTANTIVS NOB C Bust laureate, draped, cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: TSIS* Two soldiers helmeted, standing looking atone another, reversed spear in outer hand, inner hand on shield resting on ground; between them, one standard Reference: RIC VII p. 460 no. 263 CONSTANTINVS I: Constans (as Caesar) 26. Inv. No. 99/1991; MC Inv. 3213 Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 17.5 mm; W: 2.3 gr. Mint: Cyzicus Dating: 331-334 Obv: FL [iul con]STANS NOB C Bust laureate, draped, cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: SMKT Two soldiers helmeted, standing looking at one another, reversed spear in outer hand, inner hand on shield resting on ground; between them, two standards Reference: RIC VII p. 655 no. 87 CONSTANTINVS I: Constans I (as Caesar) 27. Inv. No. 115/1991; MC Inv. 3215 (pi. 6) Denomination: follis Axis: 7; D: 17.8 mm; W: 2.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 334-335 Obv: FL CONSTANT1S BEA C Bust laureate, draped, cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: »ASIS» Two soldiers helmeted, standing looking at one another, reversed spear in outer hand, inner hand on shield resting on ground; between them, two standards Reference: RIC VII p. 456 no. 238 CONSTANTINVS I: Urbs Roma 28. Inv. No. 48/1991; MC Inv. 3160 Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 17.4 * 16 mm; W: 2.3 gr. Mint: Cyzicus Dating: 331-334 Obv: VRBS [roma] Roma helmeted, left Rv: The she-wolf with the twins; two stars above Exergue: SMK[?] Reference: RIC VII p. 655 no. 90 CONSTANTINVS I: Urbs Roma 29. Inv. No. 122/1991; MC Inv. 3255 Denomination: follis Axis: 11; D: 17.2 mm; W: 2,2 gr. Mint: - Dating; 330-337 Obv: Legend erased Silhouette of Roma helmeted, left Rv: The she-wolf with the twins; two stars above Exergue: - Reference: RIC VII, type of 'VRBS ROMA': CONSTANTINVS I: Constantinopolis 30. Inv. No. 118/1991; MC Inv. 3222 (pi. 6) Denomination: follis Axis: 1; D: 17.2 mm; W: 2.1 gr. Mint: Antioch Dating: 335-337 Obv: CONSTAN - TINOPOLIS Bust laureate helmeted, wearing imperial cloak, reversed spear Rv: No legend Exergue: SMANI Victory standing left, on prow with spear and shield Reference: RIC VII p. 697 no. 114 CONSTANTINVS II 31. Inv. No. 74/1991; MC Inv. 3165 Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 16.8 mm; W: 1.6 gr. Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I Rv: G LOR-1A EXERC-ITVS Exergue: SMTSF Two soldiers helmeted, standing looking at one another, reversed spear in outer hand, inner hand on shield resting on ground; between them, two standards. Reference: RIC VII p, 526 no. 200 CONSTANTINVS I: Constantius II (as Caesar) 24. Inv. No, 47/1991; MC Inv. 3170 Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 16.4 x 15.5 mm; W: 1.7 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 337 Obv: FL IVL CONSTANTIVS NOB C Bust laureate, draped, cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: TSIS* Two soldiers helmeted, slanding looking at one another, reversed spear in outer hand, inner hand on shield resting on ground; between them, one standard Reference: RIC VII p. 460 no. 263 CONSTANTINVS I: Constantius II {as Caesar) 25. Inv. No. 127/1991; MC Inv. 3220 Denomination: follis Axis: 12: D: 16.3 mm; W: 1.6 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 337 Obv: FL IVL CONSTANTIVS NOB C Bust laureate, draped, cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: TSIS^ Two soldiers helmeted, standing looking at one another, reversed spear in outer hand, inner hand on shield resting on ground; between them, one standard Reference: RIC VII p. 460 no. 263 CONSTANTINVS I: Constans (as Caesar) 26. Inv. No, 99/1991; MC Inv. 3218 Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 17.5 mm; W: 2.3 gr. Mint: Cyzicus Dating: 331-334 Obv: FL [iul con]STANS NOB C Bust laureate, draped, cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: SMKT Two soldiers helmeted, standing looking at one another, reversed spear in outer hand, inner hand on shield resting on ground; between them, two standards Reference: RIC VII p. 655 no. 87 CONSTANTINVS h Constans I (as Caesar) 27. Inv. No. 115/1991: MC Inv. 3215 (pi. 6) Denomination: follis Axis: 7; D: 17.8 mm; W: 2.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 334-335 Obv: FL CONSTANTIS BEA C Bust laureate, draped, cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS Exergue: »ASIS« Two soldiers helmeted, standing looking at one another, reversed spear in outer hand, inner hand on shield resting on ground; between them, two standards Reference: RIC VII p, 456 no, 238 CONSTANTINVS I: Urbs Roma 28. Inv. No. 48/1991; MC Inv. 3160 Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 17.4x 16 mm; W: 2,3 gr. Mint: Cyzicus Dating: 331-334 Obv: VRBS [roma] Roma helmeted, left Rv: The she-wolf with the twins; two stars above Exergue: SMK[?] Reference: RIC VII p. 655 no, 90 CONSTANTINVS I: Urbs Roma 29. Inv, No. 122/1991; MC Inv. 3255 Denomination: follis Axis: 11; D: 17.2 mm: W: 2.2 gr. Mint: - Dating: 330-337 Obv: Legend erased Silhouette of Roma helmeted, left Rv: The she-wolf with the twins; two stars above Exergue: - Reference: RIC VII, type of "VRBS ROMA" CONSTANTINVS I: Constantinopolis 30. Inv. No. 118/1991; MC Inv. 3222 (pi. 6) Denomination: follis Axis: 1: D: 17.2 mm; W: 2.1 gr. Mint: Antioch Dating: 335-337 Obv: CONSTAN - TINOPOLIS Bust laureate helmeted, wearing imperial cloak, reversed spear Rv: No legend Exergue: SMANI Victory standing left, on prow with spear and shield Reference; RIC VII p, 697 no. 114 CONSTANTINVS II 31. Inv. No. 74/1991; MC Inv. 3165 Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 16.8 mm; W: 1.6 gr. 230 Cristian Gazdac- Franz Humer Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 337-340 Obv: CONSTAN-TINVS P F AVG Bust rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLOR-1A EXERC-ITVS Exergue: SMTSA Two helmeted soldiers standing fating, heads turned towards each other; each holds an inverted spear and rests on a shield; between them, a standard Reference: RIC VIII p. 407 no. 55 Sons of Constantine: Divus Constantinus I 32. Inv. No. 113/1991; MClnv. 3230 Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 16x 14 mm; W: 1.4 gr. Mint: - Dating: 337-340 Obv: [constan-ti]NVS P F AVG Head veiled, right Rv: No legend. Emperor right in quadriga Reference: cf. RIC VIII, type "No legend - emperor in quadriga" Sons of Constantine: Divus Constantinus I 33. Inv. No. 53/1991; MC Inv. 3169 Denomination: follis Axis: 12; D: 16x 14 mm; W: 1.03 gr. Mint: - Dating: 337-340 Obv: No legend Head veiled, right Rv: No legend. Emperor right in quadriga Reference: cf. RIC VIII, type "No legend - emperor in quadriga" CONSTANS 34. Inv. No. 38/1991; MC Inv. 3162 Denomination: follis Axis: 1; D: 18.6x 16.6 mm; W: 1.6 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 337-340 Obv: CONSTANS - P F AVG Bust laureate and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right. Rv: G LOR-1A EXERC-ITVS Exergue: ASIS Two helmeted soldiers standing facing, heads turned towards each other; each holds an inverted spear and rests on a shield; between them, one standard with Chi-Ro on the banner Reference: RIC VIII p. 355 no. 87 CONSTANS 35. Inv. No. 97/1991; MC Inv. 3219 (pi. 6) Denomination: follis Axis: 1: D: 18x 16.6 mm; W: 1.6 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 337-340 Obv: CONSTANS - P F AVG Bust laureate and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: G LOR-1A EXERC-ITVS Exergue: eSlSij Two helmeted soldiers standing facing, heads turned towards each other; each holds an inverted spear and rests on a shield; between them, one standard with Chi-Ro on the banner Reference: RIC VIII p. 355 no. 100 CONSTANS 36. Inv. No. 121/1991; MC Inv. 3229 Denomination: follis Axis: 3; D: 15.8 mm; W: 1.3 gr. Mint: Arelate Dating: 347-348 Obv: CONSTAN-S P F AVG Bust laureate and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN; in field: P Exergue: [p]ARL Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: RIC VIII p. 209 no. 87 CONSTANS 37. Inv. No. 123/1991; MC Inv, 3228 Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 15.8 mm; W: 1.4 gr. Mint; Siscia Dating: 347-348 Obv: CONSTAN-S P F AVG Bust laureate and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN; HR Exergue: ASIS Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: RIC VIII p. 363 no. 192 CONSTANS 38. Inv. No. 27/1991; MC Inv. 3172 Denomination: follis (fragmentary) Axis: 7; D: -; W: - Mint: Siscia Dating: 347-348 Obv: [consta]N-S P F AVG Bust laureate and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [victoria]E DD AVGG Q NN; palm in field Exergue: TSIS Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: RIC VIII p. 363 no. 195 CONSTANS 39. Inv. No. 46/1991; MC Inv. 3171 Denomination: follis Axis: 6; D: 16.2 mm; W: 1.2 gr. Mint: Siscia Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 231 Dating: 347-348 Obv: CONSTAN-S P F AVG Bust laureate and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [vic]TORIAE DD AVGG Q NN; branch in field Exergue: ? Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: RiC VIII p, 363 no. 195 CONSTANS 40. Inv. No. 82/1991; MC Inv. 3226 Denomination: follis Axis: 7; D: 17.3 x 14.2 mm; W: 0.8 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 347-348 Obv: CONSTANS-np f a]VG Bust laureate and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: V1CTORIAE DD AVGG Q [nn] Exergue: SMTS[?] Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: RIC VIII p. 411 no. 100 CONSTANS 41. Inv. No. 120/1991; MC Inv. 3224 Denomination: foliis Axis: 12; D: 16.2 mm; W: 1.2 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 347-348 Obv: CONSTANS-P F AVG Bust rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN Exergue: SMTSA Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: RIC VIII p. 411 no. 101 CONSTANS/CONSTANTiVS I[? 42. Inv. No. 66/1991; MC Inv. 3166 Denomination: follis (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: 16.2 mm; W: - Mint: - Dating: 347-348 Obv: Legend broken and erased. Bust [aureate and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [victorJIAE DD AVGG Q NN Exergue: broken Two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch Reference: RIC VIII, type of "VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN" CONSTANS/CONSTANTIVS II? 43. Inv. No. 71/1991; MC Inv. 3202 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: -; D: 16.2 mm; W: 1.3 gr. Mint: - Dating: 367-375 Obv: Legend corroded Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: Silhouettes of the two Victories facing one another, each holding wreath and palm-branch * Reference: RIC Vl!l, type of "VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN" CONSTANS/CONSTANTiVS II? 44. Inv. No. 78/1991; MC Inv, 3227 Denomination: follis (fragmentary) Axis: -; D: ; W: Mint: - Dating: 347-348 Obv: Legend broken and erased Bust laurel and pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [v]OT/XX/[m]VLT/XXX. Legend within wreath Exergue: broken Reference: RIC VIII, type of "VOT XX MVLT XXX" CONSTANS 45. inv. No. 133/1991; MC Inv. 3253 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 4; D; 19.2 x 16.6 mm; W: 1.9 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 348-350 Obv: D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP REPARATIO Exergue: TESB Emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and standard with Chi- Rho on the banner; in the stem sits Victory, steering the ship Reference: RiC VIM p. 412 no. 1.09 CONSTANTIVS 11 46. Inv. No. 85/1991; MC Inv. 3225 Denomination: follis (fragmentary) Axis: 5; D:-;W:- Mint: - Dating: 347-343 Obv: [d n constanti]-VS P F AVG Bust laurel and pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: VOT/XX/MVLT/XXX. Legend within wreath Exergue: broken Reference: RIC VIII, type of'VOT XX MVLT XXX" CONSTANTIVS II 47. Inv. No. 103/1991; MC Inv. 3245 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 12; D: 17.2 mm; W: 2.4 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 351-355 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, 232 Cristian Gazdac- Franz Humer right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: ASIS Heimeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII p. 375 no. 350 CONSTANTIVS il 48. Inv. No. 96/1991; MC Inv. 3249 (pi. 6) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3} Axis: 1: D: 18.5 mm; W: 2.2 gr. Mint: Sirmium Dating: 351-355 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: ASIRM Heimeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC Vill p. 388 no. 48 CONSTANTIVS II 49. Inv. No. 131/1991; MC Inv. 3373 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 18.5 mm; W: 2.1 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 351-355 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AV[g] Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEM[p - reparatio]; in field: A Exergue: Sl[s?] Heimeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII p. 367 no. 251 CONSTANTIVS II 50. Inv, No. 101/1991; MC Inv. 3246 (pi. 6) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 12; D: 19.2 mm; W: 2 gr. Mint: Heraclea Dating: 351-355 Obv. D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: SMHA Heimeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm. Reference: RIC VIII p. 436 no. 90 CONSTANTIVS II 51. Inv. No. 88/1991; MC Inv. 3243 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 16 mm; W; 2.3 gr. Mint: Heraclea Dating: 351-355 Obv: D N CONSTAN-Itius p f aug] Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [fel temp - reparatio] Exergue: CONS[?] Heimeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman falling alongside the horse neck Reference: RIC VIII p. 458 no. 119 CONSTANTIVS II 52. Inv. No. 92/1991; MC Inv. 3241 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 19.2 mm; W: 1.7 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating; 355-361 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right; M behind bust Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: [»]AQS Heimeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm. Reference: RIC VIII p. 336 no. 221 CONSTANTIVS II 53. Inv. No. 105/1991; MC Inv. 3236 Denomination; centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 6: D: 18.4x 17.1 mm; W: 2.1 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 355-361 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: BSirsS] Heimeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII p. 388 no. 352 CONSTANTIVS II 54. Inv. No. 72/1991; MC Inv. 3191 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 12; D: 17.2 mm; W: 1.9 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 355-361 Obv: D N CON[stan-tius p f a]VG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: TSISS Heimeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII p. 377 no. 361 CONSTANTIVS II 55. Inv. No. 107/1991; MC Inv. 3234 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 12; D: 18.3 mm; W: 2.7 gr. Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 233 Mint: Siscia Dating: 355-361 Obv: D N CONSTAN-T1VS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: rSISSI; in field: M Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, ' spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII p. 388 no. 369 CONSTANTIVS II 56. Inv. No. 87/1991; MC Inv. 3244 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 1; D: 17.6 x 16.4 mm; W: 2.5 gr. Mint: Siscia? Dating: 355-361 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: -; in field: M Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII p. 388 no. 369? CONSTANTIVS II 57. Inv. No. 37/1991; MC Inv. 3176 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 17.6 x 16.4 mm; W: 2.5 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 355-361 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: rSISD; in field: M and • Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII p. 377 no. 375 CONSTANTIVS II 58. Inv. No. 129/1991; MC Inv. 3231 Denomination: centenionalis {Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 15 mm; W:2.1 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 355-361 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: TSISD; in field: M Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII p. 377 no. 375 CONSTANTIVS II 59. Inv. No. 128/1991; MC Inv. 3250 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 5; D: 16.1 x 14.7 mm; W: 1.5 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 355-361 Obv: [d n cons]TAN-TIVS [p f aug] Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SPES REI-PVBLICE Exergue: ASIS* Emperor helmeted in military dress standing left, holding globe and spear Reference: RIC VIII p. 378 no. 396 CONSTANTIVS II 60. Inv. No. 51/1991; MC Inv. 3174 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 5; D: 18.1 mm; W: 1.9 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 355-361 Obv: Id n constan]-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO; in field: M Exergue: SMTS[?] Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII p. 421 no. 208 CONSTANTIVS II 61. Inv. No. 63/1991; MC Inv. 3179 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 11; D: 14.4 mm; W: 2.2 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 355-361 Obv: D N CONSTAN-[tius p f aug] Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO; in field: * Exergue: SMTSA Emperor helmeted in military dress standing left, holding globe and spear Reference: RIC VIII p. 422 no. 215 CONSTANTIVS II 62. Inv, No. 100/1991; MC Inv. 3247 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 16.5 x 14.8 mm; W: 2 gr. Mint: - Dating: 350-361 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL [temp - reparatio] Exergue: broken Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII, type of "Falling horseman - FH3" 234 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer CONSTANTIVS II 63. Inv. No. 110/1991; MC Inv. 3233 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 17.8x 16 mm; W: 2.4 gr. Mint: - Dating: 350-361 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: broken Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII, type of Tailing horseman - FH3" CONSTANTIVS II 64. Inv. No. 15/1991; MC Inv. 3190 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) (fragmentary) Axis: 12; D: W:- Mint: - Dating: 355-361 Obv: [d n constan]-TIVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: Legend and exergue broken Emperor standing left, holding globe and spear Reference: RIC VIII, type of ,:SPES REI PVBLICAE" CONSTANTIVS II 65. Inv. No. 43/1991; MC Inv. 3182 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 12; D: 15.4 mm; W: 2.1 gr. Mint: - Dating: 350-361 Obv: D [n constan-tius p f aug] Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: Legend and exergue broken. Emperor standing left, holding globe and spear Reference: RIC VIII, type of "SPES REI PVBLICAE" CONSTANTIVS II: Constantius III Gallus (as Caesar) 66. Inv. No. 95/1991; MC Inv. 3240 Denomination: maiorina (Aes 2) Axis: 6; D: 21.7 mm; W: 4.7 gr. Mint Siscia Dating: 351-355 Obv: [d n const]ANT!VS NOB CAES; A behind the bust Bust bare-headed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [fel temp re]-PARATIO ■I I .BS1S» Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII p. 375 no. 345 CONSTANTIVS II: Constantius III Gallus (as Caesar) 67. Inv. No. 45/1991; MC Inv. 3175 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: 18.4 mm; W: - Mint: Siscia Dating: 351-355 Obv: D N CONSTANTIVS IV[n nob caes] Bust bare-headed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - Rfepara]TIO ASIS Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm; he wears a pointed cap Reference: RIC VIII p. 375 no. 351 CONSTANTIVS II: Constantius III Gallus (as Caesar) 68. Inv. No. 59/1991; MC Inv. 3181 (pi. 6) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 12; D: 19x 18.1 mm; W: 2.2 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 351-355 Obv: D N CONSTANTIVS IVN NOB CAES Bust bare-headed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO ASIS Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm; he wears a pointed cap Reference: RIC VIII p. 375 no. 351 CONSTANTIVS II: Constantius III Gallus (as Caesar) 69. Inv. No. 104/1991; MC Inv. 3237 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 6; D: 18 mm; W: 1.5 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 351-355 Obv: D N CONSTANTIVS IVN NOB CAES Bust bare-headed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO rsis Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm; he wears a Zivilstadt Cam Lint urn - Haus I 235 pointed cap Reference: RIC VIII p. 375 no. 351 CONSTANTIVS II: Constantius III Gallus (as Caesar) 70. Inv. No. 112/1991; MC Inv. 3232 (pi. 6) Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 12; D: 18 mm; W: 2.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 351-355 Obv: D N CONSTANTIVS IVN NOB CAES Bust bare-headed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm; he wears a pointed cap Reference: RIC VIII p. 375 no. 351 CONSTANTIVS II: Constantius III Gallus (as Caesar) 71. Inv. No. 61/1991; MC Inv. 3180 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 11; D: 19.5x 17.4 mm; W: 1.9 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 350-355 Obv: D N CONSTAN-TIVS NOB CAES Head bare, bust draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - REPARATIO Exergue: SMTS; in field: s Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm; he wears a pointed cap Reference: RIC VIII p. 419 no. 190 CONSTANTIVS II: Constantius III Gallus (as Caesar) 72. Inv. No. 89/1991; MC Inv. 3242 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 12; D: 17,1 mm; W: 2.4 gr. Mint: - Dating: 350-355 Obv: D N CON[stan-tius nob ca]ES Head bare, bust draped and cuirassed, right Rv: FEL TEMP - [reparatio] Exergue: - Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII, type of "Falling horseman - FH3". CONSTANTIVS II: Constantius III Gallus (as Caesar) 73. Inv. No. 98/1991; MC Inv. 3248 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: 5; D: 17x 15.3 mm; W: 3 gr. Mint: - Dating: 350-355 Obv: D N CO[nstan-tius nob c]AES Head bare, bust draped and cuirassed, right Rv: Legend and exergue erased Helmeted soldier to left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman. Horseman turns to face soldier and raises left arm Reference: RIC VIII, type of Tailing horseman - FH3". CONSTANTIVS II: lulianus III (as Caesar)? 74. inv. No. 94/1991; MC Inv. 3251 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: 17.1 mm; W: - Mint: - Dating: 355-361 Obv: D N 1VLIANVS NOB CAES Head bare, bust draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [spe]S RE1 - PVBLICE Exergue: broken Emperor standing left, holding globe and spear Reference: RIC VIII, type of "SPES REI PVBLICE" CONSTANTIVS Il?/Constantius II Gallus/lulianus III (as Caesar)? 75. Inv. No. 90/1991; MC Inv. 3252 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 3) Axis: -; D: 15.3 mm; W: 1.5 gr. Mint:- Dating: 350-361 Obv: corroded Rv: Silhouette of emperor standing left, holding globe and spear Reference: RIC VIII, type of "SPES REI PVBLICE" IOVIANVS 76. Inv. No. 49/1991; MC Inv. 3173 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 20.7x 18.5 mm; W: 2.7 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 363-364 Obv:D N IOVIA-NVS P F AVG Bust laurel and pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: VOT/V/MVLT/X Legend within wreath Exergue: BSISC Reference: RIC VIII p. 381 no. 426 236 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer 77. 79. VALENTINIANVS I Inv. No. 17/1991; MC Inv. 3189 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 18.2 mm; W: 2.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 364-367 Obv: D N VALENTIN l-ANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLORIA RO-MANORVM ArsiS[C] Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding labarum in left Reference: RIC IX p. 146 no. 5(a) (iv) VALENTINIANVS I 78. Inv. No. 40/1991; MC Inv. 3186 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 17.8 mm; W: 2.2 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 364-367 Obv: D N VALENTIN l-ANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLORIA RO-MANORVM * A Drsisc Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding labarum in left Reference: RIC IX p. 146 no. 5(a) (vii) VALENS Inv. No. 68/1991; MC Inv. 3264 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 18.5 mm; W: 2.2 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 367-375 Obv: D N VALENTINI-ANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS - REIPVBLICAE *SMAQS Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 146 no. 12(a) (xiiib) VALENS 80. Inv. No. 125/1991; MC Inv. 3264 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 17.3 mm; W: 2 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 367-375 Obv: D N VALEN-S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [securitas] - REIPVBLICAE i *SMAQS 81 82. 83. 84. Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 96 no. 12(b) (xiiib) VALENS Inv. No. 84/1991; MC Inv. 3261 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 18 mm; W: 2.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 364-367 Obv: D N VALEN-S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed right Rv: GLORIA RO-MANORVM •BSISC Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding labarum in left Reference: RIC IX p. 146 no. 5b (i) VALENS Inv. No. 56/1991; MC Inv. 3197 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 19.4 x 18 mm; W: 2.2 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 364-367 Obv: [d n valen]-S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [securitas] - REIPVBLICAE [.]ASIS[?] Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 146 no. 7(b) (ii) VALENS Inv. No. 50/1991; MC Inv. 3184 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 6; D: 19.5 mm; W: 2.9 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 364-367 Obv: D N VALEN-[s p f] AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [securitas] - REIPVBLICAE [DA]SIS[C] Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 146 no, 7(b) (vii) VALENS Inv. No. 62/1991; MC Inv. 3196 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 1; D: 17.3 mm; W: 2.8 gr. Mint: Thessalonica Dating: 364-367 Obv: [d n valen]-S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Zivilstadt Camuntum - Haus I 237 Rv: GLORIA RO-MANORVM Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding iabarum in left Reference: RIC IX p. 176 no. 16(b) (i) VALENTINIANVS I 85. Inv. No. 119/1991; MC Inv. 3256 Denomination: centenionalis (fragmentary) Axis: 12; D: 17.1 mm; W:- Mint: Aquileia Dating: 367-375 Obv: [d n valen]T]NI-[anus p f] AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLORIA RO-MANORVM ■SMAQS Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding Iabarum in left Reference: RIC IX p. 96 no. 11(a) (xvii b) VALENTINIANVS I 86. Inv. No. 80/1991; MC Inv. 3266 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: -; W: 1.8 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 367-375 Obv: D N VALENTIN1-ANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVRITAS - REIPVBLICAE •SMAQP Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 96 no. 12(a) (xviia) VALENTINIANVS I 87. Inv. No. 65/1991; MC inv. 3195 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 6; D: 17.1 x 15.8 mm; W: 2.3 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 367-375 Obv: [d n valentini-a]NVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: SECVR[itas] - REIPVBLICAE D | S [ASISC] Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 146 no. 15(a) (xiii) VALENTINIANVS I 88. Inv. No. 69/1991; MC Inv. 3192 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 17.7x 16.6 mm; W: 2.1 gr. Mint: - Dating: 364-375 Obv: D N VALENTIini-anus p f aug] Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [gloria ro]-MANORVM Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging capiive and holding Iabarum in left Reference: RIC IX. type of "GLORIA ROMANORVM" VALENS 89. Inv. No. 22/1991; MC Inv. 3188 Denomination: centenionalis (fragmentary) Axis: 6; D: -; W: - Mint: Rome Dating: 367-375 Obv: Id n valen-]S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [securitas] - REIPVBLICAE R.PRIMA Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 121 no. 24(b) (ixb) VALENS 90. Inv. No. 55/1991; MC Inv. 3183 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 1; D: 18.6 mm; W: 1.7 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 364-375 Obv: D N VALEN-[s p f] AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [securitas - reip]VBLICAE sisc Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX, type of "SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE" VALENS 91. Inv. No. 91/1991; MC Inv. 3259 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 11; D: 17.2 mm; W: 2.1 gr. Mint: Thessalonica? Dating: 364-378 Obv: [d n] VALEN-S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLORIA RO-MANORVM ??ES Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding Iabarum in left Reference: RIC IX, type of "GLORIA ROMANORVM" VALENS 92. Inv. No. 42/1991; MC Inv. 3185 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 16 mm; W: 2.2 gr. Mint: - 238 Cristian Gazdac- Franz Humer Dating: 364-378 Obv: [d n valen]-S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLO[ria ro-manorum] Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding labsrum in left Reference: RIC IX, type of "GLORIA ROMANORVM" VALENS 93. Inv. No. 132/1991; MC Inv. 3239 Denomination: centenionalis (fragmentary) Axis: 6: D: -; W; - Mint: - Dating: 364-378 Obv: D N VALEN-[s p f aug] Silhouette of a bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: GLORIA [ro-manorum] Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding Iabarum in left Reference: RIC IX, type of "GLORIA ROMANORVM" VALENS 94. Inv. No. 67/1991; MClnv. 3194 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: -; D: 15.2 mm; W: 1.5 gr. Mint: - Dating: 364-378 Obv: [d n valen]-S P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: Erased GRATIANVS 95. Inv. No, 117/1991; MC Inv. 3257 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 18.2 x 16.9 mm; W: 2.9 gr. Mint: Siscia Dating: 367-375 Obv: D N GRATIANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [secu]RITAS - REIPVBLICAE R •ASISC Silhouette of Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm Reference: RIC IX p. 147 no. 15 c (i) GRATIANVS 96. Inv. No. 102/1991; MC Inv. 3258 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 17.1 mm; W: 2.9 gr. Mint: - Dating: 364-378 Obv: [d n ] GRATIANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [gl]ORIA RO-[manorum] Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding Iabarum in left Reference: RIC IX, type of "GLORIA ROMANORVM" VALENTINIANVS I/ VALENS/GRATIANVS? 97. Inv. No. 109/1991; MC Inv. 3265 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 17.3 mm; W: 2.4 gr. Mint: - Dating: 367-378 Obv: Legend corroded Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: Corroded VALENTINIANVS I/ VALENS/GRATI ANVS? 98. Inv. No. 86/1991; MC Inv. 3260 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: 12; D: 16.4 mm; W: 1.4 gr. Mint: - Dating: 364-378 Obv: Legend corroded Silhouette of a bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: [gloria] RO-[manorum] Emperor advancing right, with right hand dragging captive and holding Iabarum in left Reference: RIC IX, type of "GLORIA ROMANORVM" GRATIANVS 99. Inv. No. 57/1991; MC Inv. 3167 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 4) Axis: 11; D: 15.4 mm; W: 1.3 gr. Mint: Aquileia Dating: 378-383 Obv: D N GRATIANVS P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: VOT/XV/MVLT/XX Legend within wreath Exergue: [SM]AQP Reference: RiC VIII 38a (2) THEODOSIVS I 100. Inv. No. 52/1991; MC Inv. 3198 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 4) Axis: 6; D: 11.8 x 11 mm; W: 1,6 gr. Mint: - Dating: 388-393 Obv: [d n the]ODO-SiVS [p f aug] Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, Zivilstadt Carnuntum - Haus I 239 right Rv: corroded THEODOSIVS I - ARCADIVS? 101. Inv. No. 23/1991; MC Inv. 3201 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 4) Axis: 11; D: 11.3 mm; W: 1.2 gr. Mint: - Dating: 388-393 Obv: [?...] P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: Legend and exergue corroded Victory advancing left, holding trophy on shoulder with right hand, and dragging captive with left Reference: RIC IX, type of "SALVS REI PVBLICAE" THEODOSIVS I - ARCADIVS? 102. Inv. No. 41/1991; MC Inv. 3199 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 4) Axis: -; D: 11.2 mm; W: 0.4 gr. Mint: - Dating; after 378 Obv: [?...] P F AVG Bust pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed, right Rv: Legend and exergue corroded Victory advancing left, holding trophy on shoulder with right hand, and dragging captive with left Reference: RIC IX, type of "SALVS REI PVBLICAE" THEODOSIVS I - ARCADIVS? 103. Inv. No. 111/1991; MC Inv. 3269 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 4) Axis: 12; D: 12 mm; W: 1.3 gr. Mint: - Dating: 388-393 Obv: Legend erased Silouhette of a head, right Rv: Legend and exergue erased Victory advancing left, holding trophy on shoulder with right hand, and dragging captive with left Reference: RIC IX, type of "SALVS REI PVBLICAE" THEODOSIVS I - ARCADIVS? 104. Inv. No. 130/1991; MC Inv. 3268 Denomination: centenionalis (Aes 4) Axis: -; D: 12 mm; W: 1.3 gr. Mint: - Dating: after 378 Obv: Silouhette of a head, right Rv: Erased Unidentified coins 105. Inv. No. 54/1991; MC Inv. 3168 Denomination: follis/centenionalis? (fragmentary) Axis: -; D: -; W: - Mint: - Dating: 4lh century AD Obv/Rv: Corroded 106. Inv. No: 93/1991; MC Inv. 3270 Denomination: centenionalis Axis: -; D: -; W: 1.3 gr. Mint: - Dating: 2nd half of the 4n century AD Obv/Rv: Corroded 240 Cristian Gazdac - Franz Humer Abbreviations Humer-Konecny 2002 F. Humer-A. Konecny, FO 41, 2002, 656-661. King 1993 C. King, The fourth century coinage, L' "inflazione" nel quarto secolo D.C., Atti dell'incontro di studio Roma 1988 (1993). MIR Moneta Imperii Romani 36, 43, 44. R. Gobi t. Die Munzpragung der Kaiser Valerianus l./Gallienus/Sa- loninus.(253/268), Regalianus (260) und Macrianus/Quietus (260/262) (2000) 47. R. Gobi, Die Munzpragung des Kaisers Aurelianus 270/275 (1993). RIC The Roman Imperial Coinage (eds. H. Mattingly - E. A. Sydenham) I2. From 31 BC to AD 69 (1984 [C. H. V. Sutherland]) II. Vespasian to Hadrian (1926 [H. Mattingly- E. A. Sydeham], repr. 1968) III. Antoninus Pius to Commodus (1930 [H. Mattingly - E. A. Sydeham], repr. 1968) IV. 1. Pertinaxto Geta (1936 [H. Mattingly - E. A. Sydeham], repr. 1968) IV.2. Macrinus to Pupienus (1938 [H. Mattingly- E. A. Sydeham - C.H. V. Suth- erland], repr. 1968) IV. 3. Gordian III - Uranius Antonius (1949 [H. Mattingly - E. A. Sydeham - C.H. V. Sutherland], repr. 1968) V. 1. (1992 [P. H. Webb], repr. 1968) VI. Diocletian - Maximinus (1967 [C. H. V. Sutherland], repr. 1973) VII. Constantin I. - Licinius (1966 [P. M. Bruun], repr. 1972) VIII. The Family of Constantine I. AD 337-364 (1981) IX. Valentinianus I. - Theodosius [. (1933 [J. W. E. Pearce], repr. 1972) Vorbeck1957 E. Vorbeck, Grabungen in der Zivilstadt Carnuntum, Petronell, 1949-1951. Haus 1 (manuscript 1957). Address: Dr. Cristian Gazdac, Romanian Academy, Institute of Archaeology and History of Arts, str. C. Daicoviciu 2, R - 3400 Cluj-Napoca; cgazdac2000@yahoo.co.uk; Mag. Franz Humer, Amt der NO Landesregie- rung, Abteilung Kultur und VVissenschaft, Archaologischer Park Carnuntum, Badgasse 40-46, A - 2405 Bad Deutsch-Altenburg; franz.rairner@noel.gv.at

Zivilstadt Carnuntum_Haus I_The numismatic approach of an archaeological site

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