Coin finds from Roman Napoca_The excavations on Deleu street |
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COIN FINDS FROM EOMAN NAPOCA - THE EXCAVATIONS
ON DELEU ST.
Cristian GAZDAC, Valentin VOISIAN, Sarin COCIS
During the archaeological excavations that took place between 1991 and 2001 on the north territory of the
former Roman town of Napoca amongst other artefacts 113 Roman coins have been found together with a hoard
of 1268 silver coins."
Beside the catalogue of coins this paper presents some preliminary comments on these finds.2
As can be seen in the catalogue of coins3 attached to this paper the coins were issued in large chronological
interval from the republican time (54 BC) to the reign of Valerian 1 [AD 253-259}. This situation is not a particular
characteristic of this site but a general pattern of the entire province of Roman Dacia and not only In fact we can
talk about a representation at a smaller scale of the general situation of isolated coin finds from Dacia.
It is a common thing that earlier Roman issues [meaning Republican and pre-Trajan issues), especially
the silver coinage, to stay longer in circulation4. The latest identified coin finds - an antoninianus of Valerian 1
- marks the period when the whole province of Dacia began to suffer a very scarcely supplied with new com3.
Until the reign of Septimius Severus the main coinage to be found at this site was the bronze one. This aspect is
just a normal thing as peoples war more careful not to lose/ drop coins of high value. Once the monetary policy
had been changed during the reign of Septimius Severus - the bronze denominations became very rare and the
quantity of denarius (genuine, plated, barbarous style) strongly increased - Lhe most frequently coin finds are
made of silver [genuine and plated). It must be observed that In the case of the site under study 12 out of 17
denarii issued with the portraits of the emperors from the period AD 193-235 are plated. It is still difficult to
be absolutely sure if these coins belong to daily loss of money or they were tin-own away as non-value money.
Still this aspect is not a particular pattern of this site or even of Dacia as long as it had became an epidemic
phenomenon in the Empire at the beginning of the 3rd century AD as has been recently demonstrated6.
For the later coins found at this site it can be noticed a fairly large number of the issues for Philip f. As
another common characteristic with the province the majority of his coin finds are "Provincia Dacia" issues (7
nut of 8 coins] [see the table).
At this stage of research on the coin finds from this site still some particular characteristics can be pointed out.
The coins nos. 1-3 in the catalogue were found together at the bottom of ditch from a wooden wall. Apart
from its signification as a ritual deposition this monetary discovery indicates the variety of coins (in terms of
issuers) that had circulated in the same time as is not a case of savings but a ritual practice.
1 S, Cocis, et alii, Raport pieliminar privind cercetarile arheoiogice din stivda Victor Deleu in Gluj-Napoca J. Campaniile
1992-1994, in ActaMN, 32/1,1995, p. 637f. The hoard will be analysed in a special issue.
1 A more detailed analyzes of these coins by archaeological contexts and the implication upon monetary circulation in
different chronological sequences; construction dating and historical conclusions is forthcoming in EphNap 2003.
3 We would like to express her our gratitude to Mrs. Agnes Gazdac who had kindly help us to weight and photographed
these coins.
4 C. Gazdac, Circulalia monelara in Dacia jipravinciik invecinate de fa Traian la Constantin L Cluj-Napoca, 2002, vol. I,
p. 23, n, 309,
r> Ibidem, p. 98.
s J. Lallemand. les moules monelaires de saint-Mard (Virion, Belgique) si les monies de monnaies imperiales en Europe:
essai de repertoire, in Un quartier de 1 'agglomeration Gallo-Romaine de Saint-Mard (\rirton), Leuvaiu, 1994, p. 141ff;
C, King, Roman copies, in SFMA, 10, 1996, p, 237ff; J. Van Iieesch, The Roman coin moulds of Rums'. (Belgium), in
44h, 28-27, 1988, p. 29ff; C. Gazdac, A, Alfoldy-Gazdac, The Roman law of counterfeiting between theory and practice:
the ease of Roman Dacia, in ActaMN, 38/1, 2001, (under print).
Revista Bistrijei, XVU, 2003, pp- 77-96
77
Amongst the coin finds we draw attention upon a denarius bearing on the obverse the portrait of
emperor Hadrian [Catalogue no. 27). Right from the first sight it can be seen that both the picture and the
inscriptions on both sides are not sharp. The surface is somehow "softer" than other silver issues of this
emperor. These differences are the result of the technique for minting this coin, which was made by casting
and not striking. As the archaeological context certainly belongs to the Roman period we deal here with an
ancient imitation. So far there are not many similar pieces identified in Dacia, not necessary because no such
copies have been detected at other sites but because of the stage of research where probably similar pieces
have been identified as genuine coins. If this aspect seems to be at the first sight a particular feature of a site
from the former province of Dacia in other parts of the Roman Empire this phenomenon is well attested.7 An
argument that this piece from Napoca was not a singular case in Dacia is the hoard recently found at Apulum.
This hoard consist entirely of ancient imitations of denarii (232 pieces) bearing the portraits of the emperors
from Vespasian to Elagabalus8.
Another cast coin but this tune made of bronze represents on obverse Marcus Aurelius as "Caesar".
Different from the silver coin discussed above this one increases the number of these bronze issues - so called
limesfalsa or emergency money - which were quite often found in the other parts of the Roman Empire (mainly
the western provinces) and have recently began to be found in Dacia.'3
A brief survey on the coins/ emperor indicates two chronological concentrations of coins issued for the
emperors Hadrian and Philip I (see the table). A comparative analyze with the general graph of the province of
Dacia indicate a "normal" increase of the finds/ year of reign coefficient for Philip I but there is a contradiction
in the case of the similar item for the reign of Hadrian.10 In the last case the index records a strong increase from
the previous period (the reign of Trajan) (see the table).
The situation can be explained through the historical evolution of the Roman town of Napoca. This town
had received the statute of municipium during the reign of Hadrian.11 This event and the very next period
can be track down on the ground by the elevation of old and new building in stones as was the case of the
complex from Deleu st.!2 Thus this large number of the coins of Hadrian could be the result of construction
activity (demolition and building works) when the possibility of dropping coins is higher. It is most probably
that some of the coins of Hadrian could have been lost at a later date. As it was mentioned at the beginning
of this paper the real number of the coins lost during construction works will be discussed in another stud}?.13!
Similar situations when the increase of coin finds issued at a close date can be linked with construction activity
have been already attested in other cases such as Britain - Cirencester14, Austria - Carnuntum (Heidentor)15,
Romania - Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa.™ At the same time another similar situation from Dacia can be offered
by the site of Potaissa. In a recently study, in the case of the coin finds from the fortress baths the index of the
coins of Marcus Aurelius and Commodus it has been considered as "abnormal".17 Indeed die relatively high
index for the coins of these two emperors compared to the general situation of the province of Dacia represents
a contradiction. But if we take into consideration the moment when this legionary camp was established
AD 168/17018 then the coin finds situation becomes very plausible. The baths were built around AD 170 by
7 Ibidem.
a V. Suciu, Quolqucs considerations sur les tresors monctaires de la Dacie romaine, in Army and Urban Development in the
Danubian Provinces of the Roman Empire, Albalulia, 2000, p. 328.
3 C. Gazdac, A. Alfoldy-Gazdac, op.cii.
10 C. Gazdac, op.cit, vol. II, p. 425, pi, K 1.
11 R. Ardevan, Via{a municipals in Dacia romana, Timisoara, 1998, p. 65.
12 S, Coci§ si alii, op.cit, p. 637.
13 See n. I.
14 A. McWhirr, Houses in Roman Cirencester (The Coins by R. Reece), in Cirencester Excavations BJ, 1983, p, 103.
15 C. Gazdac, The coins of the archaeological excavations at Heidentor (1998-1999), in Carnuntum Jahrbuch, 2000, p. 222.
16 R. Ardevan, C. Gazdac, Appendice numismatique, in the monograph of forum vetus (forthcoming); C. Gazdac, S, Cori§,
R. Ardevan, The coin finds from Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa, in Numismatic monographs of Roman sites and collections
from Romania 1 (ed. C. Gazdac), Cluj-Napoca, 2003 (under print).
17 M. Pislaxu, Monedele din iermelc castruiui de la Potaissa (campaniiie 1993 §j 1.995-2001), in Simpozion dc numismatica
(Chisinau 2001), Bucuresti, 2002, p. 91.
!d M. Barbulescu, Potaissa. Studiu monographic, Turda 1994, p. 40.
78
I
79
the legionnaires who were paid in silver and mainly in new coin,19 Unfortunately due to the poor state of
preservation and disturbed stratigraphy there are no information on the archaeological layer which marked the
moment when the baths were built.2" Therefore at this stage of research this high monetary index noticed for
the reigns of Marcus Aurelius and Commodus could be interpreted as the result of building activity. Certainly
some of the coins issued in this period could have been lost at a later date and the future excavations at the site
wii! be more fortunate to find undisturbed archaeological contexts to clarify the coins' situation.
In the case of the coins for Philip I at this stage of research we cannot give a certain explanation if this
relative high frequency of coin finds for this emperor found at Deleu st. excavations is a result of the recently
opened mint olDacia in AD 246 or if they represent losses during construction works, or both. A future analyse
will try to solve out this aspect.21
We have tried in this paper to add another small piece to what it is the "puzzle" of monetary picture of the
Roman town of Napoca.
0 2Qm
Fig. 2 The excavation site on the city map of Cluj-Napoca
The coin-finds from Deleu si. excavation
D Ant Plated Cast S Dp As provincial issues Total £7 year of reign
Republican 1 1
M. Antony S 1
Art excellent approach on this topic has been made for the roman legionary camps of the lsl century from Gaul in
comparison with other camps from Germany by J. van Heesch, see J, van Heesch, Some considerations on the circulation
of Augustan and Tiberian bronze, coins in Gaul, in Die Fundmunzen von Kaikriese und die fruhkaisezeitlicha Muzpragung,
Mohnesee, 2000, p. Ifi/U.
M, Pislaru, op.cil., p. 92.
See n. 1.
80
JuIio-CIaudian dynasty 2 2
Nero 1 1 0.07
Vespasian 2 4 8 0.6
Vespasian 2 3 5
Titus 1 1
Domitian 2 5 7 0.46
Trajan | 3 1 1 2 1 1 9 0,47
Hadrian 3 1 4 2 17 28 1.33
Hadrian 3 1 3 1 16 24
Sabina 1 2 3
L. Aelius 1 1
Antoninus Pius 2 1 1 3 1 1 8 0.39
Antoninus Pius 1 2 1 4
m. Aurelius 1 1
Faustina I 1 1
Diva Faustina i 1 1 2
Faustina II 1 1
M. Aurelius 3 2 5 0,26
m. Aurelius 2 2
Faustina II 1 1
Lu cilia 1 1
Commodus 1 1
Conimodus 1 1 0.08
Sept. Sevents ; 2 4 6 0.33
Sept. Severusi 1 2 3
lulia Domna | 1 1
Caracalla | 1 1 2
Caracalla 2 2 0.33
Caracalla 1 1
lulia Domna 1 1
Macrinus 1 1 1
Elagabalus 2 Z 0.5
Sev. Alexander 3 3 1 7 0.5
Sev. Alexander 2 3 1 6
Julia Mamaea 1 1
Maximinus I 1 1 0.33
Gordian in 1 1 1 1 4 0.66
Philip I 7 1 8 1.6
Philip I 6 1 7
Otacilia Severa 1 1
Valerian I 1 1 0.16
Unidentified coins 1 5 3 2 11
TOTAL 19 2 19 2 22 9 36 4 113
Catalogue of the coin finds from Napoca - excavations on Deleu St.*
The monetary discovery in the wooden wall ditch (1993)
1. DOMtTIAN
Denomination: dupondius
Axis: 6: D: 27.2 x 25.6 mm: W: 12.31 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 90-91
Obv: [imp case dumjlT AVG GERM COS XV CE[ns per
PPl
Head radiate, right
Rv: legend erased
Fortuna standing left, holding rudder and cornucopia
Reference: cf. BMC II, p. 399, no, 444-5
2. TRAJAN
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 6; D: 32.5 x 31.10 mm; w: 21.80 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 103-111
Obv: IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M
TRPCOS VP[pj
Bust laureate draped on left shoulder, right
Rv: [s p q r opti]MO PR1NCIPIS - C
exergue: [arab] ADQVIS
Arabia standing front, head left, holding branch
over camel at left by her side and band of canes [?].
Reference: BMC IE, p. 185, no. 877-8
3. HADRIAN
Denomination: as
Axis: 5; D: 28.9 x 26.9 mm; W: 11.38 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 119-138
Obv: HADRIANVS - AVGVSTVS
Head laureate, right
Rv: SALVS - AVGVSTIS - C
exergue: COS m
Salus standing left feeding out of patera in right
hand snake coiling up from altar and holding
scepter in
left hand.
Reference: BMC HI, p. 440, no. 1348
Isolated finds (1991-2001)
4, BRUTUS
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 6; D: 17.4 mm: W: 2.34 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 54 BC
Obv: Head of L. Iunius Brutus right; behind, BRVTVS
downwards.
Rv: Head of C. Servihus Ahala, right; behind, AHALA,
downwards.
Reference: RRC. p. 455, no. 432/2
5. M. ANTONY
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 5; D: 20 x 17.6 mm; w: 2.95 gr.
Mint: itinerant mint
Dating: 32-31 BC
Obv: ANT A[ug ii]I VTR *R • P • C
Galley to right
Rv: LEG., .between standards and eagle
Reference: RRC, p, 539, no. 544
6, Julio-Claudian dynasty
Denomination: as
Axis: -; D: 27.6 x 26.9 mm; w: 6.57 gr.
Mint: -
Dating: ls: half of the lsl century
Obv: ...SAR..
Silhouette of head, right
Rv: erased
Reference: -
7. Julio-Claudian dynasty?
Denomination: as
Axis: -; D: 24.4 mm; W: 4,45 gr.
Mint: -
Dating: j* half of the lsl century
Obv: Silhouette of head, right
Rv: erased
Reference: -
* The bold numbers in this catalogue represent the photographed coins.
Technical abbreviations
Ant antoniniunus
Cast cast coin (AR = silver, M = bronze)
D denarius
Dp dupondius
£/ year of reign coin finds! year of reign
Plated plated denarii
S sestertius
82
83
8. NERO
Denomination: as
Axis: 6; D: 27,6 mm; W: 8.90 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 64-66
Obv: NERO CAESAR AVG - GERM [imp]
Head laureate, right
Rv: S - C
Victory advancing left, holding shield inscribed [spqr].
Reference: BMC I, p. 244, no. 247
9. VESPASIAN
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 6; D: 18.9 mm; W: 2.24gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 74
Obv: [i]MP CAESAR - V[esp]ASIANV[s] AVG
Head laureate, right
Rv: PON M[ax] TR P [c]OS[v]
Vespasian seated right, holding vertical sceptre.
Reference: RICII, p. 25, no. 136
10. VESPASIAN
Denomination: as
Axis: -; D: 26.1 x 25.7 mm; W: 7.35 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 76
Obv: CAESAR VESP AVG COS CENSOR
Head laureate, right
Rv: legend erased
Victory standing left, holding a shield.
Reference: RIC II, p. 83, no. 585
11. VESPASIAN
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 6; D: 18.8 mm; W: 2.93 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 77-78
Obv: IMP CAESAR - VESPASIANVS AVG (legend inscribed
up-side-down)
Head laureate, right
Rv: no legend
Exergue: COS VJH
Pair of oxen under yoke left.
Reference: BMC II, p. 38, no. 206
12. VESPASIAN
Denomination: as
Axis: -; D: 25 x 23.3 mm; W: 5.22 gr.
Mint: -
Dating: -
Obv: legend erased
Silhouette head, right
Rv: legend erased
Silhouette of a person standing.
Reference: -
13. VESPASIAN?
Denomination: as
Axis: -; D: 25.7 mm; W: 10.01 gr.
Mint:-
Dating: 69-79?
Obv: legend erased
Head, right
Rv: erased
Reference: -
14. VESPASIAN: Titus Caesar
Denomination: as
Axis: 6; D: 26.2 X 25.5 mm; W: 8.18 gr.
Mint; Rome
Dating: 73
Obv: [t cae]S IMP PON TR P COS [ii cenJS
Head laureate, right
Rv: VICTORIA - AVGVSTI; S - C
Victory standing right, on prow (?), holding wreath.
Reference: RIC II, p. 92, no. 660a
15. DOMITIAN
Denomination: as
Axis: 4; D: 25.8 mm; W: 6.25 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 84
Obv: legend erased
Head laureate, right
Rv: MOfneta - augusti]; [s] C
Moneta standing left, holding scales? And cornucopia.
Reference: cf. BMC II, p. 361, no. 288
16. DOMITIAN
Denomination: dupondius
Axis: 6; D: 29.9 x 28.8 mm; W! 8.17 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 87
Obv:IMP[...]
Head radiate, right
Rv: [imp xiiii] COS XIII C[ensor perpetvvs p p]
S C large in centre.
Reference: BMC II, p. 387, no. 398
17. DOMITIAN
Denomination: as
Axis: 6; D: 26.5 x 25.1 mm; W: 7.90 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 81-96
Obv: legend erased
Head laureate, riglit
Rv: legend erased; S C
Silhouette standing.
Reference: -
18. DOMITIAN
Denomination: as fragmentary
Axis: -; D: 30.4 x 29.7 mm; W: -
Mint: Rome
Dating: post 85
Obv: IMP [caes] DOMIT AVG G[erm cos ...1
Head laureate, right
Rv: erased
Reference: -
19. DOMITIAN?
Denomination: as
Axis: 6; D: 25.7 mm; W: 479 gr,
Mint: Rome
Dating: 81-96
Obv: legend erased
Silhouette of head, right
Rv: illegible
Reference: -
20. DOMTTCAN?
Denomination: as
Axis: -; D: 27.1 mm; W: 7.32 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 81-96
Obv: legend erased
Vague silhouette of head, right
Rv: erased
Reference: -
21. TRAJAN
Denomination: denarius plated
Axis: 6;D:-;W:-
Mint: -
Dating; 100
Obv: [imp case nerva traian] AVG G[erm]
Head laureate, right
Rv:[pmtrpco]SmPP
Pax standing left, holding cornucopia and [branch]?
Reference: BMC III, p. 40, no. 73
22. TRAJAN
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 6; D: 18.6 nun; W: 2.83 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 103-111
Obv: [imp traian]0 [aug ger dac p m tr pj
Bust laureate with drapery on left shoulder, right
Rv: COS V [p p s p q r op]TIMO PRINC
PIET in exergue
Pietas standing left, droping incense on lighted altar
left, and holding sceptre.
Reference: BMC DI, p. 85, no. 403
23. TRAJAN
Denomination: dupondius
Axis: 6; D: 27.5 x 26.9 mm; W: 10.35 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 103-111
Obv: [imp case nervae] TRAIANO AVG [ger dac p m tr
p cos v] P P
Bust radiate draped on left shoulder, right
Rv: S P Q R OPTIMO PRTNCIPI
Victory standing left, holding palm and wreath.
Reference: BMC HI, p. 190, no. 898
24. TRAJAN
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 6; D: 19.3 mm; W: 2.48 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 112-117
Obv: IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OPTIMO AVG[ germ dac]
Bust with aegis laureate, right
Rv; [p m] - TR P COS Vft p p s p q r]
Genius standing left, holding patera and corn-ears
downwards.
Reference: BMC HI, p. 110, no. 551
25. TRAJAN
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 7: D: 19 x 17.2 mm; W: 3.2 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 114-117
Obv: IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OPTI[m aug germ dac]
Bust with aegis laureate, right
Rv: PARTHICO P M - [t]R P COS V[i p p] S P Q R
Mars advancing right, holding oblique spear and
trophy.
Reference: BMC III, p. 121, no. 618
26. TRAJAN
Denomination: dupondius
Axis: -; D: 26.3 mm; W: 12.06 gr.gr.
Mint: -
Dating: 98-117
Obv: legend erased
Head radiate, right
Rv: erased
Reference; -
27. TRAJAN
Denomination: as
Axis; 6; D: 21.5 mm; W: 2.67 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 98-117
Obv: legend erased
Head silhouette, right
Rv: Standing silhouette
Reference: -
28. TRAJAN?
Denomination: Greek provincial coin
Axis: 12; D: 22.5 mm; W: 4.58 gr.
Mint: -
Dating; 98-117
Obv: legend erased
Bust draped shoulder, right
Rv: legend erased
Silhouette of a person standing, holding a scepter?
Reference: -
29. HADRIAN
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: -; D: 31.7 mm; W: 20.18 gi.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 117-132 or later
Obv: legend erased
Bust laureate, young face of Hadrian, right
Rv: erased
Reference: -
30. HADRIAN
Denomination: cast denarius
Axis: 6; D: 19 mm; W: 2.65 gr.
Mint: -
Dating: 119-122 or later
Obv: [imp] CAESAR TRAIAN H-ADRIANVS AVG
Head laureate, right
Rv: P M TR - P COS HI
Minerva advancing right brandishing javelin in
right hand and holding round
shield in left hand.
Reference: cf. BMC IH, p. 256, no. 119
31. HADRIAN
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 6; D: 17.5 x 16.8 mm; W: 3 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 119-122
Obv: [imp] CAESAR TRAIAN - HADRIANVS AVG
Bust laureate, draped, right
Rv:PMTR-PCOSHI
SAL AVG in exergue
Salus seated left, feeding out of patera snake coiled
on altar.
Reference: RIC n, p. 357, no. 137
32. HADRIAN
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 6; D: 32.1 mm; W: 23.45 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 119-122
Obv: [imp caesar traiamis] HADRI[anus aug p mtrp]
COS [iii]
Bust laureate, draped on left shoulder, right
Rv: legend erased; S C in exergue
Three citizens stand right on left, facing lector,
raising right hands
Reference: cf. BMCH, p. 417, no. 1203
33. HADRIAN
Denomination: as
Axis: 6; D: 25.5 mm; W: 7. 63 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 119-128
Obv: IMP C...
Bust laureate, right
Rv: legend erased
Female person, Felicitas ?, standing left, holding
caduceus and cornucopia
Reference: cf. BMC HI, p. 411, no. 1170
34. HADRIAN
Denomination: as
Axis: 6; D:; W:
Mint: Rome
Dating: 125-138
Obv: [hadrianvs] - AVGVSTVS
Head laureate, right
Rv: legend erased
Silhouette of a female standing.
Reference: -
35. HADRIAN
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 6; D: 19.1 mm; W: 3.24 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 134-138
Obv: HADRIANVS - AVG COS III P P
Head laureate, right
Rv: N[iILVS
Nilus reclining right.
Reference: cf. BMC III, p. 348, no. 857-859
36. HADRIAN
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 6; D: 17.2 mm; W: 2.98 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 134-138
Obv: HADRIANVS - AVG COS HI P P
Head laureate, right
Rv: RESTITV-TORI GALLIAE
Hadrian standing right, holding roD in left hand and
extending right hand to raise up Gallia, kneeling left
in front of him.
Reference: RIC II, p. 377, no. 324
37. HADRIAN
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 6; D: 30.8 mm; W: 23.48 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 134-138
Obv: HADRIANVS - AVG COS HI P P
Head laureate, right
Rv: legend erased; S - C
Providentia standing left holding scepter and wand
over globe; resting left arm on column.
Reference: BMC IV, p. 473, no. 1538
38. HADRIAN
Denomination: as fragmentary
86
Axis: 6; D: 26 mm; W: -
Mint: Rome
Dating: 119-138
Obv: HADRIANVS - AVG COS ffl [p pi
Bust draped, laureate, right
Rv: [fe]LICI[tas] AVG; [s -c] in exergue
Hadrian standing right, clasping hands with Felicitas.
Reference: BMC HI, p. 480, no. 1586
39. HADRIAN
Denomination: as
Axis: 6; D: -; W: -
Mint: Rome
Dating: 119-138
Obv: HADRIANVS - AVG COS D3 P P
Bust draped and cuixassed, laureate, right
Rv: [fort]V - N[a aug]; [s -c]
Fortuna standing left, holding patera and cornucopia.
Reference: BMC ffl, p. 482, no. 1597
40. HADRIAN
Denomination: as
Axis: 6; D: 25.7 x 24.3 mm; W: 12.64 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 119-138
Obv: HADRIANVS - AVG COS ffl P P
Head laureate, right
Rv: H[ispania]; S C in exergue
Hispania reclining left, holding branch and resting
left arm on rock.
Reference: cf. BMC III, p. 511, no. 1752
41. HADRIAN
Denomination: as
Axis: 6; D: 25.7 x 24.6 mm; W: 7.93 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 119-138
Obv: legend erased
Head laureate, left
Rv: illegible
Silhouette of a galley left
Reference: cf. BMC III, p. 461, no. 1462
42. HADRIAN
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: -; D: 30.2 mm; W: 22.62 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 117-118
Obv: ...[tra]IANVS...
Head laureate, right
Rv: illegible
Reference: -
43. HADRIAN
Denomination: dupondius
Axis: 6; D: 24.9 mm; W: 10.6 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 119-138
Obv: legend erased
Head radiate, right
Rv: legend erased
Salus seated left, feeding out of patera snake.
Reference: possible BMC III, p. 436, no, 1327 (plate)
44. HADRIAN
Denomination: as
Axis: 6; D: 26.7 x 25.5 mm; W: 9.02 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 117-138
Obv: legend erased
Head laureate, right
Rv: legend erased; S C
Salus standing right feeding snake in her arms?
Reference: -
45. HADRIAN
Denomination: as
Axis:6;D:-;W:
Mint: Rome
Dating: 117-138
Obv: legend erased
Head laureate, right
Rv: legend erased; S C
Salus standing right feeding snake in her arms?
Reference: -
46. HADRIAN
Denomination: as
Axis} 6; D: 26.2 x 25.7 mm; W: 6.35 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 117-138
Obv: legend erased
Head laureate, right
Rv: legend erased
Salus standing right feeding snake in her arms?
Reference: -
47. HADRIAN
Denomination: as
Axis: 6; D: 26.6 mm; W: 11.12 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 117-138
Obv: legend erased
Head laureate, right
Rv: legend erased; [s] C
Salus standing right feeding snake in her arms?
Reference: -
48. HADRIAN
Denomination: as
Axis: 6; D: 25.4 mm; W: 6.84 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 117-138
Obv: legend erased
87
Vague silhouette of head, right
Rv: legend erased
Female silhouette standing holding cornucopia
Reference: -
49. HADRIAN?
Denomination: as
Axis: -; D: -; W: -
Mint: Rome
Dating: 117-138?
Obv: legend erased
Vague silhouette of head, right
Rv: erased
Reference: -
50. HADRIAN?
Denomination: as
Axis; -; D: 26.1 mm; W: 10.25 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 117-138?
Obv: legend erased
Vague silhouette of head, right
Rv: erased
Reference: -
51. HADRIAN?
Denomination: as fragmentary
Axis: -; D: -; W: -
Mint: Rome
Dating: 117-138?
Obv: legend corroded
Vague silhouette of head, right
Rv: erased
Reference: -
52. HADRIAN: Sabina
Denomination: dupondius
Axis: 5; D: 27.2 x 24.1; W: 13.02 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 128-136
Obv: SABINA AVGVSTA
Bust draped with stephane, right
Rv:CONCOR-DIAAVG;SC
Concordia standing left, holding patera and double
cornucopia.
Reference: BMC HI, p. 538, no. 1887
53. HADRIAN: Sabina
Denomination: as
Axis: 6; D: 29.9 x 26.6 mm; W: 9.72 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 128-13B
Obv: [sa]BI[na au]GVSTA - HA[driani aug p p]
Bust draped with stephane, right
Rv: SC in exergue
Ceres seated left on modius, holding corn-ears and
torch.
Reference: BMC HI, p. 540, no. 1900
54. HADRIAN: Sabina
Denomination: as
Axis: -; D: 23.1mm; W: 7.95 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 128-136
Obv: legend erased
Bust silhouette, right
Rv: erased
Reference: -
55. HADRIAN: L Aelius Caesar
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 6; D: 31.4 x 29.4 mm; W: 24.95 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 137
Obv: LAELIVS- CAESAR
Head bare, right
Rv: T[rpot]-COS [ii];S-C
CONCORD in exergue
Concordia seated left on low seat, holding patera in
extended hand and resting left elbow on cornucopia
set on low base.
Reference: BMC III, p. 543, no. 1918
56. ANTONINUS PIUS
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 12; D: 32.4 x 30.1 mm; W: 24.24 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 140-143
Obv: ANTONINVS AVG PI-VS P P TR P COS HI
Head laureate, right
Rv: [annojNA-AVGSC
Annona standing right holding cornucopia and
corn-ears over modius; prow of ship right ?
Reference: BMC IV, p. 197, no. 1226
57. ANTONINUS PIUS
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 6; D: 32.8 mm; W: 23.15 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 140-143/144
Obv: ANTONINVS AVG PI-[vs p p] TR P COS in
Head laureate, right
Rv: [romae] - AETERNAE
Front view of a temple showing ten columns on a
podium of three steps; details at top uncertain.
Reference: BMC IV, p. 205, no. 1281
58. ANTONINUS PIUS
Denomination: dupondius
Axis: 12; D: 27 mm; W: 13.54 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 140-143
Obv: ANTONINVS AVG PI-VS P P TR P COS IH
Head radiate, right
Rv: [annona]-AVG SC
88
Annona standing right holding cornucopia and
corn-ears over modius; prow of ship right.
Reference: BMC IV, p. 213,. no. 1330
59. ANTONINUS PIUS
Denomination: denarins
Axis: 5; D: 18,2 mm; W: 3.46 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 151-152
Ohv: ANTONINVS AVG - PIVS P P TR P XV
Head radiate, right
Rv: CO-S - nil
Vesta veiled standing left, holding simpulum and
palladium.
Reference: BMC IV, p. 110, no. 762
60. ANTONINUS PIUS: Marcus Aurelius Caesar
Denomination: cast as
Axis: 11; D: 27.3 x 26 mm; W: 9.64 gr.
Mint: -
Dating: 140-144 or later
Obv: [aureIiu]S CAESAR - AVG PH F COS
Head hare, right
Rv: IWENTA-S; S - C
Juventas, standing left, dropping gain of incense
over candelabrum left and holdingpatera downwards
in left hand.
Reference: cf. BMC IV, p. 227, no. 1410
61. ANTONINUS PIUS: Faustina I
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 6; D: 30 x 28.6 mm; W: 20.85 gr.
Mint: Rome?
Dating: 139-141?
Obv: legend erased
Bust draped and diademed, right
Rv: legend erased [CONCORDIA AVG]; [s] - C
Concordia standing left, holding patera (?) and
cornucopia.
Reference: cf. BMC IV, p. 171, no. 1114.
62. ANTONINUS PIUS: Diva Faustina I
Denomination: plated denarins fragmentary
Axis: 11; D:; W:
Mint: -
Dating: post 141
Obv:DI[va-favsti]NA
Bust draped and diademed, right
Rv: legend erased
Pietas (?) standing left, holding right hand over
lighted altar.
Reference: cf. BMC IV, p. 63, no. 450
63. ANTONINUS PIUS: Diva Faustina I
Denomination: as
Axis: 12; D: 26.2 x 24.1 mm; W: 10.30 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: post 141
Obv: DIVA -FAVSTINA
Bust draped and diademed, right
Rv: [augu-]S[ta] SC
Ceres standing left, holding short torch and two
corn ears.
Reference: BMC IV, p. 251, no. 1570
64. ANTONINUS PIUS: Faustina H
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 6; D: 17.5 x 16.1 mm; W: 2.94 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 145-161
Obv: [faustiJNA - AVGVSTA
Bust draped, right
Rv: A[ugusti]~PIIFIL
Venus standing left, holding Victory and resting left
hand on shield set on helmet on ground
Reference: BMC IV, p. 167, no. 1101
65. MARCUS AURELIUS
Denomination: dupondius
Axis: -: D: 25.6 x 23.6 mm; W: 13,24 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 161-180
Obv: legend erased
Vague silhouette of head radiate, right
Rv: erased
Reference: -
66. MARCUS AURELIUS
Denomination: as/ dupondius
Axis: 6; D: 29,1 x 27.1 mm; W: 15,64 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 161-180
Obv: legend erased
Vague silhouette of head, right
Rv: legend erased
Silhouette of a person standing.
Reference: -
67. MARCUS AURELIUS: Faustina II
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 6; D: 30.4 mm; W: 18.32 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 164-169
Obv: FAVSTINA - AVGVSTA
Bust draped, right
Rv: erased
Reference: -
68. MARCUS AURELIUS: Lucilla
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 6; D: 31.7 x 30 mm; W: 25,38 gr.
Mini: Rome
Dating: 164-169
Obv: LVCILLAE AVG ANTONINI AV[g fj
90
Bust draped, right
Rv: IVNO - PJVCINAE
Juno seated left on throne, holding flower and
infant in swaddling clothes.
Reference: BMC W, p. 570, no, 1154
69. MARCUS AURELIUS: Commodus
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 6; D: 28.6 nun; W: 21.1 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 179-180
Obv: LAVREL COMMO-DVS AVG TRP V
Bust laureate with drapery on left shoulder, right
Rv: KM VICT-ORI [imp iii cos U p p]; S - C
Jupiter seated left on throne, holding Victory on
right hand and vertical scepter in left.
Reference: BMC IV, p. 682, no. 1719
70. COMMODUS
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 5; D; 27.2 x 25.5 mm; W: 16.66 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 186-187
Obv: [m c]OMM[odus ant p felix aug brit]
Head laureate, right
Rv; NOBUJJtas aug p m tr p xii imp viii cos v p p]; S - C
Nobilitas standing front, head left, holding statue
and scepter.
Reference: BMC IV p. 810, no. 597
71. SEPTMIUS SEVERUS
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 12; D: 29.2 x 22.3 mm; W: 2.79 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 194-
Obv; [imp cae 1 sep sev] - PERT AVG COS II
Head laureate, right
Rv: [invjICT-0 IMP
Trophy in center, consisting of helmet, cuirass,
spears and shields: at foot, left spear and crested
helmet, right two oblong shields and two spears.
Reference: BMC V p. 94, no. 366
Remarks: irregular shape of flan; partly off flan
72. SEPTMIUS SEVERUS
Denomination: plated denarius
Axis: 12; D:; W: gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 197
Obv: ...AVG...
Head laureate, right
Rv: legend erased
Hercules standing front, head right, resting right
hand on club set on ground and holding bow in
left hand
Reference: cf. BMC V, p. 56, no. 219
73. SEPTMIUS SEVERUS
Denomination: plated denarius fragmentary
Axis: 6; D; -; W: -
Mint: -
Dating: 200-201 or later
Obv: [severJVS [aug part]
Head laureate, right
Rv: [r]ESTI[utorurbis]
Emperor standing front, head left, sacrificing out of
patera over a lighted tripod.
Reference: cf. BMC V, p. 194, no. 203
74. SEPTMIUS SEVERUS: Julia Domna
Denomination: plated denarius
Axis: 12; D: 17.1 mm; W: 2.40 gr.
Mint; Rome
Dating: 196-211 or later
Obv: 1VLIA - [augustaj
Bust draped, right
Rv: legend erased
Juno (?) standing front head left, holding patera
(?) downwards and vertical sceptre (?), peacock
standing left.
Reference: cf. BMC V, p. 277, no. 606
75. SEPTMIUS SEVERUS: Caracalla
Denomination: plated denarius fragmentary
Axis: 12; D: 18.6 mm; W: -
Mint: -
Dating: 207
Obv: legend erased
Bust draped, head bare, right
Rv: [severi] PII A[ug fitlj
Mars advancing right, holding spear, trophy over
left shoulder.
Reference: BMC V p. 265, no, 542
76. SEPTMIUS SEVERUS: Caracalla
Denomination: denarius
Axis; 12; D: -; W: -
Mint: Rome
Dating: 198-200 or later
Obv: [an]TONINVS - P[ius] AVG
Head laureate, right
Rv: [pontiftrpx] COS II
Priestly emblems: lituus, knife, tall jug, simpulum,
sprinkler.
Reference: cf. BMC V, p. 181, no. 148
77. CARACALLA
Denomination: plated denarius
Axis: 6; D: 19.5 mm; W: 2. 56 gr.
Mint: -
Dating: 214 or later
Obv: ANTONINVS PIVS AVG GERM
Head laureate, right
Rv; P MTR P XVH COS D3IP P
Apollo seated left on low seat, holding branch up
in right hand and resting left elbow on lyre set on
tripod.
Reference: cf. BMC V, p. 448, no. 92
78. CARACALLA: Julia Domna
Denomination: plated denarius
Axis: 12; D: 19 x 17.6 nun; W: 3.15 gr.
Mint: -
Dating: 211-217 or later
Obv: rVLIA PIA FELIX AVG
Bust drapat, right
Rv: VENVS GENETRIX
Venus seated left, holding apple and vertical
scepter; at her feet, Cupid winged, naked standing
right, resting hand on knee of Venus,
Reference: BMC V, p. 434, no. 28
79. MACRINUS
Denomination: plated denarius
Axis: 12; D: 18.6 mm; W: 2.20 gr.
Mint; -
Dating: 217 or later
Obv: IMP C M OPEL SEV MACRINUS
Head laureate, right
Rv: PONTIF MAX TR P COS P P
Jupiter standing front, head left, holding thunderbolt
and sceptre.
Reference: cf, BMC V, p. 499, no. 31
80. ELAGAMLUS
Denomination: plated denarius fragmentary
Axis: 6; D: -; W: -
Mint: -
Dating: 218-222 or later
Obv: ANTONINV[S - pius fel au]G
Head laureate, right
Rv: VOTA PV-Jblica]
Emperor standing front, head left, sacrificing over
lighted tripod, left hand holding spear/ scepter.
Reference: cf. BMC V, p. 576, no, 291 [but roll in left hand)
81. ELAGABALUS
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 6; D: 19 mm; W: 2.92 gr.
Mint: -
Dating: 220-222 or later
Obv: IMP ANTOMNVS - PIVS AVG
Bust draped, cutlassed, laureate, right
Rv: SACERD DEI SOLI ELAG
Emperor standing right, sacrificing over lighted
altar, holding horn in left hand: star right, in field .
Reference: BMC V, p. 564, no. 225
82. SEVERUS ALEXANDER
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 12; D: 18.9 x 18 mm; W: 2.12 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 226
Obv: IMP C M AVR SEV - A[Iexand] AVG
Bust draped and cuirassed, laureate, right
Rv: ANNO-Nfa au]G
Annona standing left, holding cornucopia and corn-
ears downwards over a modius.
Reference: BMC VI, p. 148, no. 341
83. SEVERUS ALEXANDER
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 12; D: 17.7 mm; W: 2,75 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 226? or post 228?
Obv: IMP SEV ALE-XAND AVG
Head laureate, right
Rv:PMTPPV-COSnPP
Emperor standing front, head left, sacrificing out of
patera over lighted tripod.
Reference: cf BMC VI, p. 16Iff (Obv); cf BMC VI, p. 151,
no. 375 (Rv)
Remarks: Ancient forger}', hybrid: the reverse legend is
not in concordance with the obverse legend; the legend
mistake on the reverse; the irregular shape of letters
84. SEVERUS ALEXANDER
Denomination: plated denarius fragmentary
Axis: 12; D: ; W:
Mint: Rome
Dating: 226 or later
Obv: [imp c m aur sev ale-xJAND [av]G
Head silhouette, right
Rv: AN[nona aug]
Annona standing front, head left, holding cornucopia:
at foot, modius..
Reference: cf BMC VI, p. 149, no. 344
85. SEVERUS ALEXANDER
Denomination: plated denarius fragmentary
Axis: 12; D:; W:
Mint: -
Dating: 231 or later
Obv: IMP ALEXAN - [de]R PIVS AVG
Bust draped, laureate, right
Rv: VIRT-VSAVG
Virtus hehneted standing right, left foot on helmet,
holding vertical scepter in left hand and parazonium.
Reference: cf. BMC VI, p. 192, no. 779
88. SEVERUS ALEXANDER
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 12; D: 30.6 mm; W: 22.48 gr,
Mint: Rome
Dating: 232
Obv: IMP ALEXANDER PIVS AVG
Bust draped and cuirassed, laureate, right
Rv: SPESP-VBLICASC
92
93
Spes advancing left, holding flower and raising hem
of skirt.
Reference: cf. BMC VI, p. 203, no. 908
87. SEVERUS ALEXANDER
Denomination: plated denarius fragmentary
Axis: 6; D: - W: -
Mint; -
Dating: 222-235 or later
Obv: legend corroded
Bust draped, cuirassed, laureate, right
Rv: legend erased
Male silhouette standing, holding a scepter (?]
Reference: -
88. SEVERUS ALEXANDER: Julia Mamaea
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 12; D: 19.4 x 17.6 mm; W: 2.93 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 232
Obv: MIA MAMEA AVG
Bust draped wearing stephane, right
Rv: SAECVLI FELICITAS
Felicitas standing left by altar, holding patera and
caduceus.
Reference: cf. BMC VI, p. 203, no. 908
89. MAXIMINUS ITHRAX
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 12; D: 29.4 mm; W: 21.66 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 235
Obv: IMP MAXIMINVS PIVS AVG
Bust draped, laureate, right
Rv: [salu}S A[ugustij; S C in exergue
Salus seated left, feeding out of patera snake rising
from altar, and resting left arm on arm of chair.
Reference: BMC VI, p. 224, no. 23
90. Period from the reign of Hadrian to Gordian HI
Denomination: Roman provincial coin AE
Axis: 6; D: 20.5 mm: W: 6.09 gr.
Mint Athens
Dating: 117-238
Obv: legend erased
Head of Athena with a crested Corinthian helmet
Rv: legend erased or no legend
Zeus (?) draped, standing right, holding scepter.
Reference: cf. Head, p. 389f
91. GORDIAN m
Denomination: antoninianus fragmentary
Axis: 12; D: -; W: -
Mint: Rome
Dating: 241-243
Obv: IMP GORDIANVS PIVS FE[I augj
Bust draped, radiate, right
Rv: [aet]ERfriitatIIAVG
Sol standing front, head left, raising hand and holding
globe.
Reference: RICIV.3, p. 24, no. 83
92. GORDIAN ffl
Denomination: denarius
Axis: 6; D: 21.5 x 20.1 mm: W: 3.35 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 241-243
Obv: IMP GORDIANVS PIVS FEL AVG
Bust draped, cuirassed, radiate, right
Rv: AETER-N-ITATI AVG
Sol standing front, head left, raising hand and holding
globe.
Reference: RIC IV.3, p. 26, no. Ill
93. GORDIAN III
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 12; D: 31,4 x 27,4 mm; W: 13.45 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 241
Obv: IMP GORDIANVS PIVS FEL AVG
Bust draped, cuirassed, radiate, right
Rv: [feIi]CITAS AVG
Felicitas standing front, head left, holding caduceus
and cornucopia.
Reference: RIC IV.3, p. 49, no. 310 (a, b]
94. GORDIAN in
Denomination: Greek provincial AE
Axis: 8; D; 19 mm; W: 2.11 gr.
Mint: Nicaea Bithyniae
Dating: 238-244
Obv: ...ANTrOAIA...
Bust radiate, right
Rv:NI-K...
Three standards.
Reference: RIC IV.3, p. 24, no, 83
95. PHILIP I
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 6; D: 27.4 mm; W: 14.40 gr.
Mint: Dacia
Dating: 246-247
Obv: IMPMIVL PHBLIPPVS AVG
Bust draped and cuirassed, laureate, right
Rv: [proJVINCIA DACIA
Exergue: AN »I»
Personification of Dacia standing left between eagle
and lion, holding sica and a standard.
Reference: Martin, p.84, no. 2.51.1
96. PHILIP I
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 6; D: 27.8 mm; W: 14.71 gr.
Mint: Dacia
94
Dating: 246-247
Obv: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG
Bust draped and cuirassed, laureate, right
Rv: PROVINCIA DACIA
Exergue: AN ~I~
Personification of Dacia standing left between eagle
and lion, holding ska and a standard.
Reference: Martin, p.84, no. 2.51.1
97. PHILIP I
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 12; D: 26.5 mm; W: 1378 gr.
Mint: Dacia
Dating: 247-248
Obv: IMP MIVL PHUJOPPVS AVG
Bust draped and cuirassed, laureate, right
Rv: PROVINCIA DACIA
Exergue: A N '1*1
Personification of Dacia standing left between eagle
and lion, holding sica and a standard.
Reference: Martin, p.85, no. 2.56.1
98. PHILIP I
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 12; D: 28.6 mm; W: 16.23 gr.
Mint: Dacia
Dating: 247-248
Obv: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG
Bust draped and cuirassed, laureate, right
Rv: PROVINCIA DACIA
Exergue: AN *I«I
Personification of Dacia standing left between eagle
and lion, holding sica and a standard.
Reference: Martin, p.85, no. 2.56.1
99. PHILIP I
Denomination: dupondius
Axis: 6; D: 21.2 x 19.8 mm; W: 4.80 gr.
Mint: Dacia
Dating: 247-248
Obv: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG
Bust draped and cuirassed, radiate, right
Rv: PROV-INCIA DA-CIA
Exergue:AN *II*
Personification of Dacia standing left between eagle
and lion, holding sica and two standards inscribed
V and Xffl.
Reference: Martin, p,86, no. 2.59,5
100. PHILIP I
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 8; D: 28.5 mm; W: 14.45 gr.
Mint: Dacia
Dating: 246-248
Obv: MPMIVL PHILIPPVS AVG
Bust draped and cuirassed, laureate, right
Rv: PROVINCIA DACIA
Exergue: [a n i/ ii?]
Personification of Dacia standing left between eagle
and lion, holding sica and two standards inscribed
andXHI.
Reference: cf, Martin, p,85, no. 2.54; p, 86, no. 2,57
101. PHILIP I
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 12; D: 18.9 mm; W: 14.55 gr.
Mint: Rome
Dating: 244-249
Obv: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG
Bust draped and cuirassed, laureate, right
Rv: AE[qvitas aujGG; S - C
Aequitas standing left holding scale and cornucopia
Reference: RICIV3, p. 89, no. 166
102. PHILIP I: Marcia Otacilia Severa
Denomination: sestertius
Axis: 1; D: 29.4 mm; W: 16,12 gr,
Mint: Dacia
Dating: 246-247
Obv: M[arci]A [otacilia] SEVERA AVG
Bust draped, right
Rv: PROVINCLV DACIA
Exergue: AN eI
Personification of Dacia standing left between eagle
and lion, holding sica and a standard inscribed DF.
Reference: Martin, p. 89, no. 2.69.1
103. VALERLVNI
Denomination: antornnianus
Axis: 4; D: 23.4 x 21.3 mm; W: 3.42 gr,
Mint: Rome
Dating: 253-260
Obv: IMP C P LICINIVS VALERIANVS AVG
Bust draped and cuirassed, radiate, right
Rv: VICTORI-AAVGG
Victorv standing left, holding wreath and palm.
Reference: "cf, RICHC IV, p. 2, no. 17
95
104. Unidentified coin: SEVERUS ALEXANDER?
Denomination: denarius platOed
Axis: -; D: -; W:
Mint: -
Dating: 222-235 or later?
Obv: silhouette of head, right
Rv: illegible
Reference: -
105. Unidentified coin: Elagabalus? Severus Alexander?
Denomination: denarius plated fragmentary
Axis: -; D: -; W: -
Mint: -
Dating: 1st half 3rd century?
Obv: silhouette of a head, right
Rv: illegible
Reference: -
106. Unidentified coin: Severus Alexander?
Denomination: AE Greek provincial coin?
.Axis: -; D:; W:
Mint: Nicaea Bithyniae?
Dating: 222-235?
Obv: erased
Rv: Silhouettes of three standards?
Reference: -
107. Unidentified coin
Denomination: denarius
Axis: -; D: 18.4 x 17.3 mm; W: 2.50 gr.
Mint: -
Dating: 1st - 211,1 centuries AD
Obv:/Rv: erased
Reference: -
108. Unidentified coin
Denomination: plated denarius
Axis: -; D: 17.4 mm; W: 3.55 gr.
Mint: -
Dating: 1!1 - 3rd centuries AD
Obv: erased
Rv: standing silhouette
Reference: -
109. Unidentified coin
Denomination: plated denarius fragmentary
Axis: -; D: ; VV:
Mint: -
Dating: ifi - '0 centuries AD
Obv:./ Rv: erased/ corroded
Reference: -
110. Unidentified coin
Denomination: small fragment of a plated denarius
Axis: -; D:; W:
Mint: -
Dating: Is' - 3rJ centuries AD
Obv:/Rv: erased/corroded
Reference; -
111. Unidentified coin
Denomination: as?
.Axis: -; D: -; W:
Mint:-
Dating: ZaA - 3rd centuries?
ObWRv: illegible
Reference: -
112. Unidentified coin
Denomination: as
Axis: -; D: -; W: 6.67gr.
Mint -
Dating: 2nd - 3rd centuries?
Obv:/ Rv: illegible
Reference: -
113. Unidentified coin
Denomination: as fragmentary
Axis: -; D: -; W: -
Mint: -
Dating: 2"d - 3rd centuries?
Obv:/Rv: illegible
Reference: -
114. Coin?
Fragmentary reddish plate which covers a green bronze
core